Thermal Decomposition of Sodium Carbonate Decahydrate

Na2CO3·10H2O → Na2CO3 + 10H2O

Overview

Washing soda (sodium carbonate decahydrate) loses its water of crystallization when heated. This dehydration reaction produces anhydrous sodium carbonate (soda ash). The hydrated crystals are transparent but become opaque white powder as water is driven off (efflorescence).

Participants

Role Substance Coefficient State
Product Sodium Carbonate Na₂CO₃ 1 (s)
Product Water H₂O 10 (g)

Everyday Example

When washing soda crystals are left in dry air, they slowly lose water and turn into a white powder through this efflorescence process.

Industrial Importance

Anhydrous sodium carbonate (soda ash) is a major industrial chemical used in glass manufacturing, detergents, water treatment, and as a chemical feedstock.

Properties

Type
Decomposition
Reversible
Yes
Energy
Endothermic
ΔH
155.0 kJ/mol

Related Reactions

Cracking of Octane (Thermal Cracking) Decomposition of Ammonium Nitrate Decomposition of Barium Peroxide Decomposition of Calcium Carbonate (Calcination) Decomposition of Calcium Hypochlorite Decomposition of Carbonic Acid Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition of Iron(II,III) Oxide (Direct Reduction) Decomposition of Nitroglycerin Decomposition of Nitrous Oxide (Laughing Gas)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Thermal Decomposition of Sodium Carbonate Decahydrate?
The balanced equation is: Na₂CO₃·10H₂O → Na₂CO₃ + 10H₂O.
What type of reaction is Thermal Decomposition of Sodium Carbonate Decahydrate?
Thermal Decomposition of Sodium Carbonate Decahydrate is a decomposition reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Thermal Decomposition of Sodium Carbonate Decahydrate exothermic or endothermic?
Thermal Decomposition of Sodium Carbonate Decahydrate is endothermic (absorbs energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is 155.0 kJ/mol.