Industrial Applications of Chemistry
80 real-world industrial processes powered by chemistry
Epoxy Resin Production from Bisphenol A
The high-performance adhesive and composite matrix material
Epoxy resins are produced by the reaction of bisphenol A (BPA) with epichlorohydrin (ECH) to form diglycidyl ether of bisphenol …
Glass Fiber Composite Manufacturing
Reinforcing plastics with spun glass filaments
Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites are manufactured by combining continuous or chopped glass fibers with thermoset or thermoplastic resin …
Nylon 6,6 Production via Polycondensation
The first commercially successful synthetic fiber
Nylon 6,6 is produced by the polycondensation of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, forming one of the most important engineering thermoplastics …
Polyethylene Synthesis via Ziegler-Natta Catalysis
The world's most produced plastic material
Polyethylene (PE) is the most produced plastic globally, manufactured through catalytic polymerization of ethylene. Three major grades exist: HDPE (high …
Silicone (PDMS) Manufacturing via Direct Process
The versatile polymer bridging organic and inorganic chemistry
Silicones (polysiloxanes) are produced through the Rochow-Muller direct process, reacting silicon metal with methyl chloride to form methylchlorosilanes, which are …
Vulcanization of Rubber with Sulfur Cross-Linking
Charles Goodyear's discovery that made rubber industrially useful
Vulcanization is the chemical cross-linking of rubber polymer chains with sulfur, transforming soft, sticky raw rubber into a durable, elastic …