التحديد اللوني للجلوكوز

قياس نظير الجلوكوز في الدم باستخدام طريقة DNS

Colorimetry Intermediate (High School) 60 دقيقة ~$10,00

الهدف

تحديد تركيز الجلوكوز باستخدام طريقة قياس الألوان بحمض الثنائي نيتروساليسيليك (DNS) وفهم كيمياء سكر الاختزال.

الخلفية

The DNS method is a classic colorimetric assay for reducing sugars. 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (yellow) is reduced by the free aldehyde group of glucose to 3-amino-5-nitrosalicylic acid (orange-red). The color change occurs upon heating, and the intensity at 540 nm is proportional to the reducing sugar concentration. This method is widely used in food science and fermentation monitoring.

تحذيرات السلامة

  • DNS reagent contains NaOH — corrosive to skin
  • Boiling water bath — handle tubes with tongs
  • Cool tubes before opening to prevent splattering
  • DNS reagent stains skin yellow

معدات الوقاية الشخصية المطلوبة

goggles gloves lab_coat

المواد

  • DNS reagent (100 mL)
    1% DNS in NaOH with sodium potassium tartrate
  • Glucose stock solution (100 mL)
    10 mg/mL in water
  • Unknown sugar solution (20 mL)
  • Distilled water (200 mL)

المعدات

Spectrophotometer or colorimeter Cuvettes Boiling water bath Test tubes (10) with caps Pipettes (1 mL, 5 mL) Ice bath Timer

الإجراء

1

Prepare glucose standards: 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 mg/mL by diluting the stock solution.

10 دقيقة
2

Add 1 mL of each standard and the unknown to labeled test tubes. Add 1 mL of DNS reagent to each tube.

5 دقيقة DNS contains NaOH
3

Place all tubes in a boiling water bath for exactly 5 minutes. The color changes from yellow to orange-red.

5 دقيقة Use tongs for hot tubes
4

Transfer tubes immediately to an ice bath to stop the reaction. Cool for 2 minutes.

2 دقيقة
5

Add 8 mL of distilled water to each tube and mix well.

5 دقيقة
6

Measure absorbance at 540 nm. Zero with the blank (0 mg/mL glucose).

15 دقيقة
7

Plot the calibration curve and determine the glucose concentration of the unknown.

18 دقيقة

النتائج المتوقعة

A linear calibration curve from 1–10 mg/mL glucose. The color intensifies from pale yellow (blank) to deep orange-red (10 mg/mL). Non-reducing sugars like sucrose give no color change.

التنظيف

Neutralize DNS waste with dilute HCl before disposal. Clean test tubes immediately as dried DNS residue is difficult to remove.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of التحديد اللوني للجلوكوز?
تحديد تركيز الجلوكوز باستخدام طريقة قياس الألوان بحمض الثنائي نيتروساليسيليك (DNS) وفهم كيمياء سكر الاختزال.
How difficult is التحديد اللوني للجلوكوز?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 60 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for التحديد اللوني للجلوكوز?
Key safety precautions include: DNS reagent contains NaOH — corrosive to skin; Boiling water bath — handle tubes with tongs; Cool tubes before opening to prevent splattering.
What materials are needed for التحديد اللوني للجلوكوز?
The main materials required are: DNS reagent, Glucose stock solution, Unknown sugar solution, Distilled water.
What results should I expect from التحديد اللوني للجلوكوز?
A linear calibration curve from 1–10 mg/mL glucose. The color intensifies from pale yellow (blank) to deep orange-red (10 mg/mL). Non-reducing sugars like sucrose give no color change.