Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene

C2H4 + H2 → C2H6

Aperçu

Ethylene is reduced to ethane by addition of hydrogen across the double bond, catalyzed by a transition metal surface. Both hydrogen atoms add to the same face of the alkene (syn addition). The metal catalyst adsorbs both H₂ and the alkene, weakening bonds and facilitating the reaction.

Participants

Rôle Substance Coefficient État
Réactif Ethylene C₂H₄ 1 (g)
Réactif Hydrogen H 1 (g)
Produit Ethane C₂H₆ 1 (g)

Exemple du quotidien

Margarine is made by partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils, converting liquid unsaturated fats to solid saturated fats.

Importance industrielle

Catalytic hydrogenation is used in petroleum refining, margarine production, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and fine chemical synthesis. Paul Sabatier won the 1912 Nobel Prize for this work.

Propriétés

Type
Organic
Réversible
Non
Énergie
Exothermique
ΔH
-136,0 kJ/mol
Catalyseur
Pt, Pd, or Ni

Réactions associées

Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Condensation Polymerization (Nylon 6,6) Cope Rearrangement Oxidation of Primary Alcohol to Aldehyde Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene?
The balanced equation is: C₂H₄ + H₂ → C₂H₆.
What type of reaction is Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene?
Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene is a organic reaction.
Is Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene exothermic or endothermic?
Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -136.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Pt, Pd, or Ni).