Silver Chloride Precipitation

AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl↓ + NaNO3

Aperçu

Silver nitrate reacts with sodium chloride to form a white curdy precipitate of silver chloride. AgCl has a very low Ksp of 1.8 × 10⁻¹⁰, making it essentially insoluble. The precipitate turns purple in light due to photodecomposition of AgCl to silver metal and chlorine. This is the basis of the chloride ion test.

Participants

Rôle Substance Coefficient État
Réactif Silver Nitrate AgNO₃ 1 (aq)
Réactif Sodium Chloride NaCl 1 (aq)
Produit Silver Chloride AgCl 1 (s)
Produit Sodium Nitrate NaNO₃ 1 (aq)

Exemple du quotidien

The silver chloride test for chloride ions in water is one of the first qualitative analysis tests taught in chemistry courses.

Importance industrielle

AgCl precipitation is used in water quality testing, photography (historical), and in the preparation of silver chloride electrodes for electrochemistry.

Propriétés

Type
Precipitation
Réversible
Non
Énergie
Exothermique
ΔH
-65,5 kJ/mol

Réactions associées

Aluminum Hydroxide Precipitation Barium Carbonate Precipitation Barium Sulfate Precipitation Cadmium Sulfide Precipitation (Yellow) Calcium Fluoride Precipitation (Fluorite) Calcium Phosphate Precipitation (Bone Mineral) Chromium(III) Hydroxide Precipitation Lead Carbonate Precipitation Lead Chloride Precipitation Iron(III) Hydroxide Precipitation

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Silver Chloride Precipitation?
The balanced equation is: AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl↓ + NaNO₃.
What type of reaction is Silver Chloride Precipitation?
Silver Chloride Precipitation is a precipitation reaction.
Is Silver Chloride Precipitation exothermic or endothermic?
Silver Chloride Precipitation is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -65.5 kJ/mol.