Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal
11-cis-Retinal → all-trans-Retinal
概要
When a photon strikes rhodopsin in rod cells of the retina, it causes the 11-cis-retinal chromophore to isomerize to the all-trans configuration in about 200 femtoseconds. This is one of the fastest known chemical reactions and the fundamental first step in vision. The conformational change triggers a G-protein signaling cascade.
日常の例
Every time you see anything, this photochemical reaction is occurring millions of times per second in the rod and cone cells of your eyes.
産業上の重要性
レチナール光化学の理解は、人工網膜、オプトジェネティクスツール、そして光感受性バイオマテリアルの開発を導いています。
特性
- タイプ
- Photochemical
- 可逆的
- いいえ
- エネルギー
- 吸熱性
- 触媒
- Rhodopsin protein
関連する反応
Silver Chloride Photodecomposition
Luminol Chemiluminescence
Firefly Bioluminescence (Luciferin Oxidation)
Photolysis of Water (Vacuum UV)
Photochemical Smog Formation (NO₂ Photolysis)
Photodegradation of Methylene Blue by TiO₂
Photodissociation of Chlorine Gas
Silver Bromide Photodecomposition
Photosynthesis
Chlorophyll Fluorescence
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the equation for Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal?
The balanced equation is: 11-cis-Retinal → all-trans-Retinal.
What type of reaction is Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal?
Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal is a photochemical reaction.
Is Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal exothermic or endothermic?
Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal is endothermic (absorbs energy).
What conditions are needed for Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Rhodopsin protein).