19 K Potassium 39.098 u

Potassium

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周期
4
族
1
ブロック
s-ブロック
相 (STP)
Solid

Potassium is an essential alkali metal for all living cells. It is the seventh most abundant element in Earth's crust.

外観: 銀灰色

About Potassium

Essential to every living cell, potassium is a soft, silvery alkali metal that reacts vigorously with water. It has atomic number 19 and an atomic mass of 39.098, a notably large atomic radius of 243 pm, and a low melting point of 337 K. Its single valence electron ([Ar] 4s1) is loosely held, giving the low electronegativity of 0.82 and a first ionization energy of just 419 kJ/mol. Humphry Davy first isolated the metal in 1807. Potassium is the seventh most abundant element in Earth's crust, but its reactivity means it never occurs free. It belongs to group 1, period 4.

物理的特性

原子質量 39.098 u
密度 0.862 g/cm³
融点 63.6 °C
沸点 758.9 °C
STPにおける相 Solid
原子半径 243.0 pm

電子的特性

電気陰性度 0.82
イオン化エネルギー 418.8 eV
電子親和力 48.4 eV
価電子 1

電子配置

配置 [Ar] 4s¹

Electron Shell Configuration

Potassium electron shell configuration K 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 8e⁻ 1e⁻
Electron shell structure of Potassium — electrons per shell.
Shell Electrons
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 8
4 (N) 1

Position in Periodic Table

Potassium position in the periodic table K

発見

発見者: Humphry Davy
年: 1807

ブロックと周期

ブロック

s p d f

周期

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

周期表

ランタノイド アクチノイド

K を含む反応

Lead Iodide Precipitation (Golden Rain)

Pb(NO₃)₂ + 2KI → PbI₂↓ + 2KNO₃

Precipitation

Potassium Reacting with Water

2K + 2H₂O → 2KOH + H₂

Single Replacement

Chlorine Displacing Iodine from Potassium Iodide

Cl₂ + 2KI → 2KCl + I₂

Single Replacement

Lead Nitrate and Potassium Iodide (Golden Rain)

Pb(NO₃)₂ + 2KI → PbI₂ + 2KNO₃

Double Replacement

Thermal Decomposition of Potassium Chlorate

2KClO₃ → 2KCl + 3O₂

Decomposition
13件の反応をすべて表示 →

Compounds Containing Potassium

Potassium Hydroxide

KOH

Potassium Nitrate

KNO₃

Potassium Chloride

KCl

Potassium Permanganate

KMnO₄

Potassium Dichromate

K₂Cr₂O₇

Potassium Iodide

KI

Potassium Carbonate

K₂CO₃

Potassium Phosphate Dibasic

K₂HPO₄

Potassium Aluminum Sulfate

KAl(SO₄)₂

Potassium Ferricyanide

K₃[Fe(CN)₆]

Potassium Ferrocyanide

K₄[Fe(CN)₆]

Potassium Persulfate

K₂S₂O₈

アルカリ金属 をもっと見る

3 Li Lithium 11 Na Sodium 37 Rb Rubidium 55 Cs Cesium 87 Fr Francium

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Potassium?
Potassium (K) is a chemical element with atomic number 19. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a アルカリ金属.
What are the key properties of Potassium?
Potassium has an atomic mass of 39.098 u, density of 0.862 g/cm³, melting point of 63.6°C, boiling point of 758.9°C.
What is the electron configuration of Potassium?
The electron configuration of Potassium is [Ar] 4s1. It is in the s-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Potassium?
Potassium was discovered by Humphry Davy in 1807.
What is the electronegativity of Potassium?
Potassium has an electronegativity of 0.82 on the Pauling scale.