Dehydration of Ethanol

C2H5OH → C2H4 + H2O

概要

Ethanol is dehydrated to ethylene by concentrated sulfuric acid at 170 C or by passing over heated alumina. This elimination reaction removes water from adjacent carbon atoms to form the C=C double bond. At lower temperatures (140 C), diethyl ether forms instead via intermolecular dehydration.

参加者

役割 物質 係数 状態
反応物 Ethanol C₂H₅OH 1 (l)
生成物 Ethylene C₂H₄ 1 (g)
生成物 Water H₂O 1 (l)

日常の例

Brazil produces bio-ethylene from sugarcane ethanol using this dehydration, making green polyethylene for sustainable packaging.

産業上の重要性

エタノールのエチレンへの脱水はブラジルのバイオプラスチック産業の基盤であり、石油由来のナフサクラッカーへの持続可能な代替手段として再生可能エチレンを生産する。

特性

タイプ
Organic
可逆的
はい
エネルギー
吸熱性
ΔH
44.0 kJ/mol
触媒
Concentrated H₂SO₄ or Al₂O₃

関連する反応

Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Dehydration of Ethanol?
The balanced equation is: C₂H₅OH → C₂H₄ + H₂O.
What type of reaction is Dehydration of Ethanol?
Dehydration of Ethanol is a organic reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Dehydration of Ethanol exothermic or endothermic?
Dehydration of Ethanol is endothermic (absorbs energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is 44.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Dehydration of Ethanol?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Concentrated H₂SO₄ or Al₂O₃).