Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis
2NaCl + 2H2O → Cl2 + 2NaOH + H2
Visão geral
Electrolysis of concentrated brine (NaCl solution) produces three essential industrial chemicals simultaneously: chlorine gas at the anode, sodium hydroxide solution at the cathode, and hydrogen gas as a byproduct. Modern membrane cells use ion-exchange membranes to separate products and achieve 95%+ current efficiency.
Participantes
| Papel | Substância | Coeficiente | Estado |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reagente | Sodium Chloride NaCl | 2 | (aq) |
| Reagente | Water H₂O | 2 | (l) |
| Produto | Sodium Hydroxide NaOH | 2 | (aq) |
Exemplo do cotidiano
The chlorine in your tap water and the lye in drain cleaner both come from this single electrochemical process.
Importância industrial
A indústria cloro-álcali produz cerca de 75 milhões de toneladas de NaOH e 65 milhões de toneladas de Cl₂ anualmente, consumindo cerca de 1 % da eletricidade global.
Propriedades
- Tipo
- Electrochemical
- Reversível
- Não
- Energia
- Endotérmico
- ΔH
- 422,0 kJ/mol
Reações relacionadas
Electrorefining of Copper
Alkaline Battery Discharge
Anodizing of Aluminum
Nickel-Metal Hydride Battery
Daniell Cell (Zinc-Copper Galvanic Cell)
Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)
Lead-Acid Battery Discharge
Hall-Héroult Process (Aluminum Smelting)
Electrowinning of Zinc
Electrolysis of Water
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the equation for Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis?
The balanced equation is: 2NaCl + 2H₂O → Cl₂ + 2NaOH + H₂.
What type of reaction is Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis?
Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis is a electrochemical reaction.
Is Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis exothermic or endothermic?
Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis is endothermic (absorbs energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is 422.0 kJ/mol.