Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)

2NaCl → 2Na + Cl2

Visão geral

The Downs process electrolyzes molten NaCl at about 600°C (lowered from 801°C by adding CaCl₂) to produce sodium metal at the cathode and chlorine gas at the anode. A cylindrical iron cathode surrounds a graphite anode, with an iron screen separating products. This is the primary industrial method for producing metallic sodium.

Participantes

Papel Substância Coeficiente Estado
Reagente Sodium Chloride NaCl 2 (l)
Produto Sodium Na 2 (l)

Exemplo do cotidiano

Sodium metal produced by this process is used to make sodium vapor street lights that give a characteristic yellow glow.

Importância industrial

O processo Downs produz sódio metálico utilizado no fabrico de peroxido de sódio, tetraetilchumbo (uso histórico) e como agente redutor. O cloro produzido é uma matéria-prima valiosa para produtos químicos industriais.

Propriedades

Tipo
Electrochemical
Reversível
Não
Energia
Endotérmico
ΔH
822,0 kJ/mol
Catalisador
CaCl₂ (melting point depressant)

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
The balanced equation is: 2NaCl → 2Na + Cl₂.
What type of reaction is Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) is a electrochemical reaction.
Is Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) exothermic or endothermic?
Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) is endothermic (absorbs energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is 822.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (CaCl₂ (melting point depressant)).