Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)
2NaCl → 2Na + Cl2
Visão geral
The Downs process electrolyzes molten NaCl at about 600°C (lowered from 801°C by adding CaCl₂) to produce sodium metal at the cathode and chlorine gas at the anode. A cylindrical iron cathode surrounds a graphite anode, with an iron screen separating products. This is the primary industrial method for producing metallic sodium.
Participantes
| Papel | Substância | Coeficiente | Estado |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reagente | Sodium Chloride NaCl | 2 | (l) |
| Produto | Sodium Na | 2 | (l) |
Exemplo do cotidiano
Sodium metal produced by this process is used to make sodium vapor street lights that give a characteristic yellow glow.
Importância industrial
O processo Downs produz sódio metálico utilizado no fabrico de peroxido de sódio, tetraetilchumbo (uso histórico) e como agente redutor. O cloro produzido é uma matéria-prima valiosa para produtos químicos industriais.
Propriedades
- Tipo
- Electrochemical
- Reversível
- Não
- Energia
- Endotérmico
- ΔH
- 822,0 kJ/mol
- Catalisador
- CaCl₂ (melting point depressant)
Reações relacionadas
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the equation for Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
The balanced equation is: 2NaCl → 2Na + Cl₂.
What type of reaction is Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) is a electrochemical reaction.
Is Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) exothermic or endothermic?
Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) is endothermic (absorbs energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is 822.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (CaCl₂ (melting point depressant)).