Citric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide
C6H8O7 + 3NaOH → Na3C6H5O7 + 3H2O
Overview
Citric acid is a triprotic acid that reacts with three equivalents of NaOH to form trisodium citrate and water. The three pKa values (3.13, 4.76, 6.40) create a broad buffering range. Sodium citrate is an important anticoagulant and food additive.
Participants
| Role | Substance | Coefficient | State |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reactant | Citric Acid C₆H₈O₇ | 1 | (aq) |
| Reactant | Sodium Hydroxide NaOH | 3 | (aq) |
| Product | Water H₂O | 3 | (l) |
Everyday Example
Sodium citrate is used in blood collection tubes to prevent clotting and in soft drinks to provide a tart flavor.
Industrial Importance
Trisodium citrate is used in blood banking, as a food preservative and emulsifier, in detergents as a phosphate replacement, and in pharmaceutical formulations.
Properties
- Type
- Acid-Base
- Reversible
- No
- Energy
- Exothermic
- ΔH
- -155.0 kJ/mol
Related Reactions
Acetic Acid and Sodium Acetate Buffer System
Acetic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Neutralization
Acetic Acid Dissociation in Water
Aluminum Chloride and Chloride Ion (Lewis Acid-Base)
Aluminum Hydroxide as Amphoteric Acid with NaOH
Aluminum Hydroxide as Amphoteric Base with HCl
Ammonia and Ammonium Chloride Buffer System
Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid
Ascorbic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide
Barium Hydroxide and Ammonium Thiocyanate (Endothermic)
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the equation for Citric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide?
The balanced equation is: C₆H₈O₇ + 3NaOH → Na₃C₆H₅O₇ + 3H₂O.
What type of reaction is Citric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide?
Citric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide is a acid-base reaction.
Is Citric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide exothermic or endothermic?
Citric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -155.0 kJ/mol.