Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (General)

nCO + (2n+1)H2 → CnH2n+2 + nH2O

Overview

The Fischer-Tropsch process converts synthesis gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) into hydrocarbons and water. This polymerization reaction builds carbon chains from C1 feedstock using iron or cobalt catalysts at 150-350 C. It can produce fuels from coal, natural gas, or biomass.

Participants

Role Substance Coefficient State
Reactant Carbon Monoxide CO 1 (g)
Reactant Hydrogen H 2 (g)
Product Water H₂O 1 (l)

Everyday Example

South Africa's Sasol company produces a significant portion of the country's liquid fuels from coal using this technology.

Industrial Importance

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is strategically important for countries lacking petroleum but having coal or gas resources. It is also explored for biomass-to-liquids conversion.

Properties

Type
Synthesis
Reversible
No
Energy
Exothermic
ΔH
-165.0 kJ/mol
Catalyst
Iron or cobalt catalyst

Related Reactions

Formation of Aluminum Oxide Formation of Ammonia (Haber Process) Formation of Barium Oxide Formation of Barium Sulfate Formation of Beryllium Oxide Formation of Cadmium Oxide Formation of Calcium Carbonate from Oxides Formation of Calcium Hydroxide Formation of Calcium Oxide (Quicklime) Formation of Carbon Dioxide from Elements

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (General)?
The balanced equation is: nCO + (2n+1)H₂ → CₙH₂ₙ₊₂ + nH₂O.
What type of reaction is Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (General)?
Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (General) is a synthesis reaction.
Is Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (General) exothermic or endothermic?
Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (General) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -165.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (General)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Iron or cobalt catalyst).