Sodium-Sulfur Battery

2Na + 3S → Na2S3

Overview

Sodium-sulfur batteries operate at 300–350°C with molten sodium anode, molten sulfur cathode, and a solid beta-alumina ceramic electrolyte that conducts Na⁺ ions. Cell voltage is about 2.0 V with energy density of 150–240 Wh/kg. Both sodium and sulfur are abundant and cheap, making NaS attractive for grid storage.

Participants

Role Substance Coefficient State
Reactant Sodium Na 2 (l)
Reactant Sulfur S 3 (l)

Everyday Example

Japan uses NaS batteries for grid-scale energy storage, with over 200 MW of installed capacity stabilizing the power grid.

Industrial Importance

NaS batteries are deployed in grid-scale energy storage (MW-scale), peak shaving, and renewable energy integration.

Properties

Type
Electrochemical
Reversible
Yes
Energy
Exothermic
ΔH
-420.0 kJ/mol

Related Reactions

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Sodium-Sulfur Battery?
The balanced equation is: 2Na + 3S → Na₂S₃.
What type of reaction is Sodium-Sulfur Battery?
Sodium-Sulfur Battery is a electrochemical reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Sodium-Sulfur Battery exothermic or endothermic?
Sodium-Sulfur Battery is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -420.0 kJ/mol.