23 V Vanadium 50,942 u

Vanadium

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Период
4
Группа
5
Блок
d-Блок
Фаза (СТУ)
Solid

Vanadium is a hard, silvery-grey transition metal used to strengthen steel. It forms colorful compounds in multiple oxidation states.

Внешний вид: Blue-silvery-grey metallic

About Vanadium

Notable for the vivid colors of its compounds, vanadium is a hard, silvery-grey transition metal that adopts several oxidation states. It has atomic number 23 and an atomic mass of 50.942, a density of 6.11 g/cm³, and a melting point of 2183 K. Its [Ar] 3d3 4s2 configuration gives an electronegativity of 1.63 and a first ionization energy of 651 kJ/mol. Andrés Manuel del Río first encountered the element in 1801. Added in small amounts to steel, vanadium greatly increases strength and toughness, which is its principal industrial use. Its many accessible oxidation states make its solutions strikingly varied in color. Vanadium occupies group 5, period 4.

Физические свойства

Атомная масса 50.942 u
Плотность 6.11 g/cm³
Температура плавления 1909.8 °C
Температура кипения 3406.8 °C
Фаза при СТУ Solid
Атомный радиус 171.0 pm

Электронные свойства

Электроотрицательность 1.63
Энергия ионизации 650.9 eV
Сродство к электрону 50.6 eV
Валентные электроны 5

Электронная конфигурация

Конфигурация [Ar] 3d³ 4s²

Electron Shell Configuration

Vanadium electron shell configuration V 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 11e⁻ 2e⁻
Electron shell structure of Vanadium — electrons per shell.
Shell Electrons
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 11
4 (N) 2

Position in Periodic Table

Vanadium position in the periodic table V

Открытие

Открыт: Andres Manuel del Rio
Год: 1801

Блок и период

Блок

s p d f

Период

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Периодическая таблица

Лантаниды Актиниды

Реакции с V

Formation of Vanadium(V) Oxide

4V + 5O₂ → 2V₂O₅

Synthesis

Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

V²⁺ + VO₂⁺ + 2H⁺ ⇌ V³⁺ + VO²⁺ + H₂O

Redox

Compounds Containing Vanadium

Vanadium(IV) Oxide Sulfate

VOSO₄

Vanadium Pentoxide

V₂O₅

Vanadium(V) Oxide

V₂O₅

Больше Переходный металл

21 Sc Scandium 22 Ti Titanium 24 Cr Chromium 25 Mn Manganese 26 Fe Iron 27 Co Cobalt 28 Ni Nickel 29 Cu Copper 30 Zn Zinc 39 Y Yttrium

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Vanadium?
Vanadium (V) is a chemical element with atomic number 23. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a переходный металл.
What are the key properties of Vanadium?
Vanadium has an atomic mass of 50.942 u, density of 6.11 g/cm³, melting point of 1909.8°C, boiling point of 3406.8°C.
What is the electron configuration of Vanadium?
The electron configuration of Vanadium is [Ar] 3d3 4s2. It is in the d-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Vanadium?
Vanadium was discovered by Andres Manuel del Rio in 1801.
What is the electronegativity of Vanadium?
Vanadium has an electronegativity of 1.63 on the Pauling scale.