Capacité Calorifique Spécifique des Métaux
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Comparaison des capacités calorifiques de l'aluminium, du cuivre et du fer
Objectif
Déterminer la capacité calorifique spécifique de plusieurs métaux par la méthode des mélanges et comparer avec les valeurs admises.
Contexte
The specific heat capacity of a metal can be determined by heating a known mass of metal to a known temperature, then transferring it to water in a calorimeter and measuring the temperature change. Energy conservation (q_metal = -q_water) allows calculation of the metal's specific heat.
Avertissements de sécurité
- Hot metals and boiling water — burn risk
- Use tongs to transfer hot metals
- Do not touch hot metals with bare hands
EPI requis
Matériaux
-
Metal samples (Al, Cu, Fe) (50 g each)Cylindrical pieces work best
-
Distilled water (300 mL)
-
Boiling water (500 mL)For heating metals
Équipement
Procédure
Weigh each metal sample accurately. Record masses.
Place all metals in boiling water for 10 minutes to reach 100°C.
Add 100 mL room-temperature water to the calorimeter. Record initial temperature.
Using tongs, quickly transfer the aluminum sample to the calorimeter. Stir and record max temperature.
Calculate c(Al) = m(water)×c(water)×ΔT(water) / [m(Al)×ΔT(Al)].
Repeat steps 3-5 for copper and iron.
Compare measured values with accepted: Al=0.897, Cu=0.385, Fe=0.449 J/g°C.
Résultats attendus
Aluminum should give the largest temperature rise in the water (highest specific heat), followed by iron, then copper. Measured values should be within 10-20% of accepted values.
Nettoyage
Allow metals to cool completely. Dry and store. Pour water down the drain. Clean calorimeter.
Détails
- Catégorie
- Thermochemistry
- Difficulté
- Intermediate (High School)
- Durée
- 40 min
- Coût estimé
- $10,00
- Étapes
- 7
- Matériaux
- 3