Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid (White Smoke)

NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl

概要

Ammonia gas reacts with hydrogen chloride gas to form white fumes of ammonium chloride solid. This dramatic reaction occurs when concentrated ammonia and hydrochloric acid bottles are placed near each other, as the vapors meet in air and create a white smoke cloud.

参加者

役割 物質 係数 状態
反応物 Ammonia NH₃ 1 (g)
反応物 Hydrochloric Acid HCl 1 (g)

日常の例

The white smoke that forms when bottles of ammonia and HCl are opened near each other is one of the most striking gas-phase chemistry demonstrations.

産業上の重要性

塩化アンモニウムは、はんだ付け用フラックス、亜鉛-炭素電池、窒素肥料、そして咳止め薬の製剤に使用されています。

特性

タイプ
Double Replacement
可逆的
はい
エネルギー
発熱性
ΔH
-176.0 kJ/mol

関連する反応

Iron(III) Chloride and Sodium Hydroxide Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Calcium Chloride and Sodium Carbonate Barium Chloride and Sodium Sulfate Precipitation Calcium Hydroxide and Carbon Dioxide (Limewater Test) Sodium Hydroxide and Iron(III) Chloride (Rust Color) Sodium Hydroxide and Hydrochloric Acid Neutralization Potassium Hydroxide and Sulfuric Acid Sodium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Aluminum Hydroxide and Hydrochloric Acid

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid (White Smoke)?
The balanced equation is: NH₃ + HCl → NH₄Cl.
What type of reaction is Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid (White Smoke)?
Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid (White Smoke) is a double replacement reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid (White Smoke) exothermic or endothermic?
Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid (White Smoke) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -176.0 kJ/mol.