Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)
2NaCl → 2Na + Cl2
概要
The Downs process electrolyzes molten NaCl at about 600°C (lowered from 801°C by adding CaCl₂) to produce sodium metal at the cathode and chlorine gas at the anode. A cylindrical iron cathode surrounds a graphite anode, with an iron screen separating products. This is the primary industrial method for producing metallic sodium.
参加者
| 役割 | 物質 | 係数 | 状態 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 反応物 | Sodium Chloride NaCl | 2 | (l) |
| 生成物 | Sodium Na | 2 | (l) |
日常の例
Sodium metal produced by this process is used to make sodium vapor street lights that give a characteristic yellow glow.
産業上の重要性
ダウンズ法は過酸化ナトリウム、水素化ナトリウム、テトラエチル鉛（段階的廃止中）の製造および有機合成還元剤として使われる金属ナトリウムを生産する。
特性
- タイプ
- Electrochemical
- 可逆的
- いいえ
- エネルギー
- 吸熱性
- ΔH
- 822.0 kJ/mol
- 触媒
- CaCl₂ (melting point depressant)
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the equation for Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
The balanced equation is: 2NaCl → 2Na + Cl₂.
What type of reaction is Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) is a electrochemical reaction.
Is Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) exothermic or endothermic?
Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) is endothermic (absorbs energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is 822.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (CaCl₂ (melting point depressant)).