Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene
C2H4 + HBr → C2H5Br
概要
Ethylene undergoes electrophilic addition with hydrogen bromide to form bromoethane. The pi electrons of the C=C double bond attack the electrophilic hydrogen of HBr, forming a carbocation intermediate that is then attacked by bromide. For unsymmetrical alkenes, Markovnikov's rule predicts the major product.
参加者
| 役割 | 物質 | 係数 | 状態 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 反応物 | Ethylene C₂H₄ | 1 | (g) |
日常の例
This type of addition reaction is how the chemical industry converts simple alkenes from petroleum cracking into useful alkyl halides.
産業上の重要性
HX付加によって生成するアルキルハライドは医薬品、農薬、グリニャール試薬の中間体として広く利用される。マルコフニコフ選択性は位置選択的な官能基化を可能にする。
特性
- タイプ
- Organic
- 可逆的
- いいえ
- エネルギー
- 発熱性
- ΔH
- -53.0 kJ/mol
関連する反応
Swern Oxidation
Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone
Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate)
Kolbe Electrolysis
Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation
Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime)
Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene
Condensation Polymerization (Nylon 6,6)
Cope Rearrangement
Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA)
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the equation for Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene?
The balanced equation is: C₂H₄ + HBr → C₂H₅Br.
What type of reaction is Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene?
Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene is a organic reaction.
Is Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene exothermic or endothermic?
Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -53.0 kJ/mol.