Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene

C2H4 + HBr → C2H5Br

概要

Ethylene undergoes electrophilic addition with hydrogen bromide to form bromoethane. The pi electrons of the C=C double bond attack the electrophilic hydrogen of HBr, forming a carbocation intermediate that is then attacked by bromide. For unsymmetrical alkenes, Markovnikov's rule predicts the major product.

参加者

役割 物質 係数 状態
反応物 Ethylene C₂H₄ 1 (g)

日常の例

This type of addition reaction is how the chemical industry converts simple alkenes from petroleum cracking into useful alkyl halides.

産業上の重要性

HX付加によって生成するアルキルハライドは医薬品、農薬、グリニャール試薬の中間体として広く利用される。マルコフニコフ選択性は位置選択的な官能基化を可能にする。

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene?
The balanced equation is: C₂H₄ + HBr → C₂H₅Br.
What type of reaction is Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene?
Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene is a organic reaction.
Is Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene exothermic or endothermic?
Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -53.0 kJ/mol.