Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)
CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl
概要
Methane undergoes free radical substitution with chlorine in the presence of UV light or heat. The mechanism involves initiation (Cl₂ → 2Cl·), propagation (Cl· + CH₄ → CH₃· + HCl, CH₃· + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + Cl·), and termination. Further substitution can produce CH₂Cl₂, CHCl₃, and CCl₄.
参加者
| 役割 | 物質 | 係数 | 状態 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 反応物 | Methane CH₄ | 1 | (g) |
| 反応物 | Chlorine Cl | 1 | (g) |
| 生成物 | Hydrochloric Acid HCl | 1 | (g) |
日常の例
Chloroform (CHCl₃), historically used as an anesthetic, is produced by multiple chlorination of methane.
産業上の重要性
クロロメタン（CH₃Cl）はメチル化剤・冷媒として利用される。ジクロロメタンは広く使われる溶媒であり、クロロホルムとテトラクロロメタンも各種工業用途に使われる。
特性
- タイプ
- Organic
- 可逆的
- いいえ
- エネルギー
- 発熱性
- ΔH
- -98.0 kJ/mol
- 触媒
- UV light or heat
関連する反応
Swern Oxidation
Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone
Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate)
Kolbe Electrolysis
Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation
Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime)
Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene
Condensation Polymerization (Nylon 6,6)
Cope Rearrangement
Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA)
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the equation for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
The balanced equation is: CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl.
What type of reaction is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is a organic reaction.
Is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) exothermic or endothermic?
Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -98.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (UV light or heat).