Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)

CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl

概要

Methane undergoes free radical substitution with chlorine in the presence of UV light or heat. The mechanism involves initiation (Cl₂ → 2Cl·), propagation (Cl· + CH₄ → CH₃· + HCl, CH₃· + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + Cl·), and termination. Further substitution can produce CH₂Cl₂, CHCl₃, and CCl₄.

参加者

役割 物質 係数 状態
反応物 Methane CH₄ 1 (g)
反応物 Chlorine Cl 1 (g)
生成物 Hydrochloric Acid HCl 1 (g)

日常の例

Chloroform (CHCl₃), historically used as an anesthetic, is produced by multiple chlorination of methane.

産業上の重要性

クロロメタン（CH₃Cl）はメチル化剤・冷媒として利用される。ジクロロメタンは広く使われる溶媒であり、クロロホルムとテトラクロロメタンも各種工業用途に使われる。

特性

タイプ
Organic
可逆的
いいえ
エネルギー
発熱性
ΔH
-98.0 kJ/mol
触媒
UV light or heat

関連する反応

Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA) Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Dehydration of Ethanol

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
The balanced equation is: CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl.
What type of reaction is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is a organic reaction.
Is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) exothermic or endothermic?
Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -98.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (UV light or heat).