Hydration of Ethylene

C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH

概要

Ethylene undergoes acid-catalyzed hydration to form ethanol. This is the primary industrial method for producing synthetic ethanol, using phosphoric acid on a silica support at 300 C and 70 atm. The reaction is exothermic but requires high temperature for kinetic reasons.

参加者

役割 物質 係数 状態
反応物 Ethylene C₂H₄ 1 (g)
反応物 Water H₂O 1 (g)
生成物 Ethanol C₂H₅OH 1 (l)

日常の例

Industrial ethanol for solvents, fuels, and chemical feedstock is primarily produced by this catalytic hydration of ethylene from petroleum.

産業上の重要性

エチレン水和法により年間500万トン以上の合成エタノールが製造され、主に工業用溶媒と燃料添加剤に利用される。発酵エタノールより低コストで高純度な製品が得られる。

特性

タイプ
Organic
可逆的
はい
エネルギー
発熱性
ΔH
-44.0 kJ/mol
触媒
Phosphoric acid on silica

関連する反応

Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA) Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Dehydration of Ethanol

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Hydration of Ethylene?
The balanced equation is: C₂H₄ + H₂O → C₂H₅OH.
What type of reaction is Hydration of Ethylene?
Hydration of Ethylene is a organic reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Hydration of Ethylene exothermic or endothermic?
Hydration of Ethylene is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -44.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Hydration of Ethylene?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Phosphoric acid on silica).