Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)

C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH

概要

Ethylene reacts with steam over a phosphoric acid catalyst at 300 C and 60-70 atm to produce ethanol. This is the primary industrial method for synthetic ethanol production. The reaction follows Markovnikov's rule.

参加者

役割 物質 係数 状態
反応物 Ethylene C₂H₄ 1 (g)
反応物 Water H₂O 1 (g)
生成物 Ethanol C₂H₅OH 1 (l)

日常の例

Industrial ethanol used in hand sanitizers, solvents, and chemical manufacturing is often produced by this process.

産業上の重要性

これは最も大量に行われる工業的有機反応の一つであり、溶剤、化学合成、燃料混合用に数百万トンのエタノールを生産する。

特性

タイプ
Synthesis
可逆的
はい
エネルギー
発熱性
ΔH
-44.2 kJ/mol
触媒
Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) on silica

関連する反応

Formation of Calcium Hydroxide Formation of Carbon Monoxide Formation of Nitrogen Dioxide Formation of Potassium Chloride Formation of Sodium Bicarbonate Formation of Sodium Peroxide Formation of Silicon Dioxide Formation of Tungsten Carbide Formation of Copper(II) Sulfide Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (General)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
The balanced equation is: C₂H₄ + H₂O → C₂H₅OH.
What type of reaction is Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) is a synthesis reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) exothermic or endothermic?
Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -44.2 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) on silica).