Carbonic Acid Dissociation (Blood Buffer)
H2CO3 ⇌ HCO3− + H+
Overview
The carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffer system is the primary blood buffer maintaining pH between 7.35 and 7.45. Carbon dioxide dissolves in blood to form carbonic acid, which dissociates to bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The enzyme carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the CO₂ hydration. Disruption causes acidosis or alkalosis.
Participants
| Role | Substance | Coefficient | State |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reactant | Carbonic Acid H₂CO₃ | 1 | (aq) |
Everyday Example
When you exercise hard and breathe heavily, your body is using this buffer system to prevent dangerous pH changes from metabolic acid production.
Industrial Importance
Understanding the bicarbonate buffer is essential in medicine for managing acid-base disorders, in blood banking, and in designing dialysis solutions.
Properties
- Type
- Acid-Base
- Reversible
- Yes
- Energy
- Endothermic
- Catalyst
- Carbonic anhydrase (in blood)
Related Reactions
Acetic Acid and Sodium Acetate Buffer System
Acetic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Neutralization
Acetic Acid Dissociation in Water
Aluminum Chloride and Chloride Ion (Lewis Acid-Base)
Aluminum Hydroxide as Amphoteric Acid with NaOH
Aluminum Hydroxide as Amphoteric Base with HCl
Ammonia and Ammonium Chloride Buffer System
Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid
Ascorbic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide
Barium Hydroxide and Ammonium Thiocyanate (Endothermic)
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the equation for Carbonic Acid Dissociation (Blood Buffer)?
The balanced equation is: H₂CO₃ ⇌ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺.
What type of reaction is Carbonic Acid Dissociation (Blood Buffer)?
Carbonic Acid Dissociation (Blood Buffer) is a acid-base reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Carbonic Acid Dissociation (Blood Buffer) exothermic or endothermic?
Carbonic Acid Dissociation (Blood Buffer) is endothermic (absorbs energy).
What conditions are needed for Carbonic Acid Dissociation (Blood Buffer)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Carbonic anhydrase (in blood)).