Formation of Sodium Chloride

2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl

Overview

Sodium metal reacts vigorously with chlorine gas to form sodium chloride, common table salt. This is a classic example of an ionic compound formation where a metal transfers electrons to a nonmetal. The reaction is highly exothermic, producing a bright yellow flame.

Participants

Role Substance Coefficient State
Reactant Chlorine Cl 1 (g)
Reactant Sodium Na 2 (s)
Product Sodium Chloride NaCl 2 (s)

Everyday Example

Table salt used in cooking is produced commercially through mining or evaporation of seawater, though the direct synthesis from elements demonstrates ionic bond formation.

Industrial Importance

Sodium chloride production is a massive global industry supporting food preservation, water treatment, and as a feedstock for chlor-alkali processes producing chlorine and sodium hydroxide.

Properties

Type
Synthesis
Reversible
No
Energy
Exothermic
ΔH
-411.2 kJ/mol

Related Reactions

Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (General) Formation of Aluminum Oxide Formation of Ammonia (Haber Process) Formation of Barium Oxide Formation of Barium Sulfate Formation of Beryllium Oxide Formation of Cadmium Oxide Formation of Calcium Carbonate from Oxides Formation of Calcium Hydroxide Formation of Calcium Oxide (Quicklime)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Formation of Sodium Chloride?
The balanced equation is: 2Na + Cl₂ → 2NaCl.
What type of reaction is Formation of Sodium Chloride?
Formation of Sodium Chloride is a synthesis reaction.
Is Formation of Sodium Chloride exothermic or endothermic?
Formation of Sodium Chloride is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -411.2 kJ/mol.