Phosphoric Acid Complete Neutralization
H3PO4 + 3NaOH → Na3PO4 + 3H2O
Overview
Complete neutralization of triprotic phosphoric acid requires three equivalents of sodium hydroxide, producing trisodium phosphate (TSP). The resulting solution is strongly basic because the phosphate ion is a moderately strong base. TSP was once the workhorse of industrial and household cleaning.
Participants
| Role | Substance | Coefficient | State |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reactant | Phosphoric Acid H₃PO₄ | 1 | (aq) |
| Reactant | Sodium Hydroxide NaOH | 3 | (aq) |
| Product | Water H₂O | 3 | (l) |
Everyday Example
TSP was a common heavy-duty household cleaner for walls and surfaces before phosphate regulations limited its use due to water pollution concerns.
Industrial Importance
Trisodium phosphate is used in boiler water treatment, as a food additive, and in heavy-duty cleaning. Environmental phosphate bans have reduced its use in consumer products.
Properties
- Type
- Acid-Base
- Reversible
- No
- Energy
- Exothermic
- ΔH
- -173.0 kJ/mol
Related Reactions
Acetic Acid and Sodium Acetate Buffer System
Acetic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Neutralization
Acetic Acid Dissociation in Water
Aluminum Chloride and Chloride Ion (Lewis Acid-Base)
Aluminum Hydroxide as Amphoteric Acid with NaOH
Aluminum Hydroxide as Amphoteric Base with HCl
Ammonia and Ammonium Chloride Buffer System
Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid
Ascorbic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide
Barium Hydroxide and Ammonium Thiocyanate (Endothermic)
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the equation for Phosphoric Acid Complete Neutralization?
The balanced equation is: H₃PO₄ + 3NaOH → Na₃PO₄ + 3H₂O.
What type of reaction is Phosphoric Acid Complete Neutralization?
Phosphoric Acid Complete Neutralization is a acid-base reaction.
Is Phosphoric Acid Complete Neutralization exothermic or endothermic?
Phosphoric Acid Complete Neutralization is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -173.0 kJ/mol.