Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene

C₂H₄ + HBr → C₂H₅Br

Обзор

Ethylene undergoes electrophilic addition with hydrogen bromide to form bromoethane. The pi electrons of the C=C double bond attack the electrophilic hydrogen of HBr, forming a carbocation intermediate that is then attacked by bromide. For unsymmetrical alkenes, Markovnikov's rule predicts the major product.

Участники

Роль	Вещество	Коэффициент	Состояние
Реагент	Ethylene C₂H₄	1	(g)

Пример из жизни

This type of addition reaction is how the chemical industry converts simple alkenes from petroleum cracking into useful alkyl halides.

Промышленное значение

Alkyl halides produced by HX addition are intermediates for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and Grignard reagent preparation.

Свойства

Тип: Organic
Обратимая: Нет
Энергия: Экзотермическая
ΔH: -53,0 kJ/mol

Связанные реакции

Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA) Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Dehydration of Ethanol

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene?

The balanced equation is: C₂H₄ + HBr → C₂H₅Br.

What type of reaction is Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene?

Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene is a organic reaction.

Is Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene exothermic or endothermic?

Electrophilic Addition of HBr to Ethylene is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -53.0 kJ/mol.