19 K Potasio 39,098 u

Potasio

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Período
4
Grupo
1
Bloque
s-bloque
Fase (STP)
Solid

El potasio es un metal alcalino esencial para todas las células vivas. Es el séptimo elemento más abundante de la corteza terrestre.

Apariencia: Silvery-gray

Acerca de Potasio

Essential to every living cell, potassium is a soft, silvery alkali metal that reacts vigorously with water. It has atomic number 19 and an atomic mass of 39.098, a notably large atomic radius of 243 pm, and a low melting point of 337 K. Its single valence electron ([Ar] 4s1) is loosely held, giving the low electronegativity of 0.82 and a first ionization energy of just 419 kJ/mol. Humphry Davy first isolated the metal in 1807. Potassium is the seventh most abundant element in Earth's crust, but its reactivity means it never occurs free. It belongs to group 1, period 4.

Propiedades físicas

Masa atómica 39.098 u
Densidad 0.862 g/cm³
Punto de fusión 63.6 °C
Punto de ebullición 758.9 °C
Fase a STP Solid
Radio atómico 243.0 pm

Propiedades electrónicas

Electronegatividad 0.82
Energía de ionización 418.8 eV
Afinidad electrónica 48.4 eV
Electrones de valencia 1

Configuración electrónica

Configuración [Ar] 4s¹

Configuración de capas electrónicas

Configuración de capas electrónicas de Potasio K 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 8e⁻ 1e⁻
Estructura de capas electrónicas de Potasio: electrones por capa.
Capa Electrones
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 8
4 (N) 1

Posición en la tabla periódica

Posición de Potasio en la tabla periódica K

Descubrimiento

Descubierto por: Humphry Davy
Año: 1807

Compuestos que contienen Potasio

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Potasio?
Potasio (K) is a chemical element with atomic number 19. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a metal alcalino.
What are the key properties of Potasio?
Potasio has an atomic mass of 39.098 u, density of 0.862 g/cm³, melting point of 63.6°C, boiling point of 758.9°C.
What is the electron configuration of Potasio?
The electron configuration of Potasio is [Ar] 4s1. It is in the s-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Potasio?
Potasio was discovered by Humphry Davy in 1807.
What is the electronegativity of Potasio?
Potasio has an electronegativity of 0.82 on the Pauling scale.