氷の融解エンタルピー

氷を溶かすのに必要なエネルギーを測定する

Thermochemistry Beginner (Middle School) 25 分 ~$3.00

目的

既知の質量の氷を温水に加えて温度変化を測定することで、氷の融解エンタルピーを決定する。

背景

When ice melts, it absorbs energy from its surroundings without changing temperature (latent heat). By adding ice to warm water in a calorimeter and measuring the final temperature, the enthalpy of fusion can be calculated. The accepted value is 6.01 kJ/mol (334 J/g).

安全上の警告

  • Handle warm water with care
  • Dry ice before weighing to avoid extra water mass

必要なPPE

goggles

材料

  • Ice cubes (50 g)
    From distilled water preferred
  • Warm water (100 mL)
    About 40°C

器具

Polystyrene cup calorimeter Thermometer Analytical balance Paper towels

手順

1

Add 100 mL of warm water (~40°C) to the calorimeter. Record exact temperature and mass.

3 分
2

Quickly dry ice cubes with paper towel and weigh them. Record mass.

2 分
3

Add the ice to the warm water. Stir gently until all ice melts.

5 分
4

Record the final equilibrium temperature.

2 分
5

Set up the equation: heat lost by warm water = heat to melt ice + heat to warm melted ice to final T.

3 分
6

Solve for ΔHfus. Convert to kJ/mol (multiply by 18.015 g/mol). Compare with 6.01 kJ/mol.

5 分

予想される結果

The final temperature should be around 10-15°C. Calculated ΔHfus should be approximately 280-350 J/g (accepted: 334 J/g or 6.01 kJ/mol).

後片付け

Pour water down the drain. Dry the calorimeter.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of 氷の融解エンタルピー?
既知の質量の氷を温水に加えて温度変化を測定することで、氷の融解エンタルピーを決定する。
How difficult is 氷の融解エンタルピー?
This experiment is rated as Beginner (Middle School). It takes approximately 25 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for 氷の融解エンタルピー?
Key safety precautions include: Handle warm water with care; Dry ice before weighing to avoid extra water mass.
What materials are needed for 氷の融解エンタルピー?
The main materials required are: Ice cubes, Warm water.
What results should I expect from 氷の融解エンタルピー?
The final temperature should be around 10-15°C. Calculated ΔHfus should be approximately 280-350 J/g (accepted: 334 J/g or 6.01 kJ/mol).