硫酸銅結晶の育成

緩慢な蒸発で大きな青色結晶を生成する

Crystallization Beginner (Middle School) 30 分 ~$8.00

目的

緩慢蒸発法を用いて大きく形の整った硫酸銅五水和物の結晶を育成し、過飽和と結晶格子形成を実証する。

背景

Copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO₄·5H₂O) forms beautiful blue triclinic crystals. By preparing a saturated solution and allowing it to evaporate slowly over several days, large single crystals can be grown. The process demonstrates concepts of solubility, supersaturation, and crystal nucleation.

安全上の警告

  • Copper sulfate is toxic if ingested
  • Wear gloves when handling the solution
  • Wash hands thoroughly after the experiment
  • Do not dispose of copper sulfate down the drain

必要なPPE

goggles gloves

材料

  • Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (50 g)
    Blue crystals
  • Distilled water (200 mL)
    Hot
  • Thread or fishing line (30 cm)
    For seed crystal
  • Pencil or stick (1)
    To suspend seed crystal

器具

400 mL beaker Hot plate Stirring rod Filter paper Funnel

手順

1

Heat 200 mL of distilled water to 60-70°C. Add copper sulfate gradually while stirring until no more dissolves (saturated solution).

10 分 Wear gloves — copper sulfate is toxic
2

Filter the hot saturated solution through filter paper to remove any undissolved particles.

5 分
3

Pour a small amount into a petri dish and allow it to cool. Select the best small crystal as a seed crystal after 24 hours.

5 分
4

Tie the seed crystal to a thread and suspend it from a pencil placed across the top of the beaker of saturated solution.

5 分
5

Cover the beaker loosely with filter paper to allow slow evaporation. Place in a vibration-free location.

2 分
6

Check daily for crystal growth. Remove any small crystals that form on the thread or beaker walls.

3 分

予想される結果

After 1-2 weeks, the seed crystal should grow into a large blue crystal (1-3 cm) with well-defined facets. The crystal has a triclinic shape with distinct flat faces. Faster evaporation produces many small crystals; slower produces fewer, larger ones.

後片付け

Collect excess copper sulfate solution and solid for reuse or proper disposal in heavy metal waste. Do not pour down the drain.

詳細

カテゴリ
Crystallization
難易度
Beginner (Middle School)
所要時間
30 分
推定費用
$8.00
ステップ数
6
材料
4

その他の実験

サロール（サリチル酸フェニル）の結晶化 30 min ビスマス虹色結晶の育成 45 min ミョウバン結晶の育成 30 min 塩と砂の分別結晶化 35 min 安息香酸の再結晶精製 45 min 砂糖の結晶（ロックキャンディ） 25 min 過飽和と瞬間結晶化 35 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of 硫酸銅結晶の育成?
緩慢蒸発法を用いて大きく形の整った硫酸銅五水和物の結晶を育成し、過飽和と結晶格子形成を実証する。
How difficult is 硫酸銅結晶の育成?
This experiment is rated as Beginner (Middle School). It takes approximately 30 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for 硫酸銅結晶の育成?
Key safety precautions include: Copper sulfate is toxic if ingested; Wear gloves when handling the solution; Wash hands thoroughly after the experiment.
What materials are needed for 硫酸銅結晶の育成?
The main materials required are: Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, Distilled water, Thread or fishing line, Pencil or stick.
What results should I expect from 硫酸銅結晶の育成?
After 1-2 weeks, the seed crystal should grow into a large blue crystal (1-3 cm) with well-defined facets. The crystal has a triclinic shape with distinct flat faces. Faster evaporation produces many small crystals; slower produces fewer, larger ones.