Nitric Acid and Ammonia (Ammonium Nitrate)
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HNO3 + NH3 → NH4NO3
概要
Nitric acid reacts with ammonia to form ammonium nitrate, the world's most widely used nitrogen fertilizer. This exothermic reaction must be carefully controlled in industrial production. Ammonium nitrate contains 34% nitrogen, the highest of common solid fertilizers.
参加者
| 役割 | 物質 | 係数 | 状態 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 反応物 | Nitric Acid HNO₃ | 1 | (aq) |
| 反応物 | Ammonia NH₃ | 1 | (g) |
日常の例
Ammonium nitrate instant cold packs work by dissolving the salt in water endothermically, providing cold therapy for sports injuries.
産業上の重要性
硝酸アンモニウムは肥料と採掘爆薬(ANFO)向けに年間2,000万トン以上製造される。高い爆発危険性から厳格な保管・輸送規制が適用される。2020年ベイルート爆発はその危険性を示す事例。
特性
- タイプ
- Acid-Base
- 可逆的
- いいえ
- エネルギー
- 発熱性
- ΔH
- -145.1 kJ/mol