Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)

LiFePO₄ ⇌ FePO₄ + Li⁺ + e⁻

Visão geral

LFP batteries use lithium iron phosphate cathode and graphite anode with a cell voltage of 3.2–3.3 V and energy density of 90–160 Wh/kg. The olivine crystal structure of LiFePO₄ provides exceptional thermal stability and safety — the Fe–O bond is much stronger than the Co–O bond in NMC/NCA, preventing oxygen release during thermal runaway.

Participantes

Papel	Substância	Coeficiente	Estado
Reagente	Lithium Li	1	(s)
Reagente	Iron Fe	1	(s)

Exemplo do cotidiano

Tesla's Standard Range vehicles and many Chinese EVs use LFP batteries for their superior safety and longer cycle life (3,000+ cycles).

Importância industrial

As baterias LFP dominam os veículos eléctricos chineses e estão a crescer globalmente. A Bateria Blade da BYD e a tecnologia CELL-to-PACK da CATL utilizam LFP.

Propriedades

Tipo: Electrochemical
Reversível: Sim
Energia: Exotérmico
ΔH: -180,0 kJ/mol

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)?

The balanced equation is: LiFePO₄ ⇌ FePO₄ + Li⁺ + e⁻.

What type of reaction is Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)?

Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) is a electrochemical reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.

Is Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) exothermic or endothermic?

Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -180.0 kJ/mol.