Synthesis of Methanol (from Syngas)

CO + 2H₂ → CH₃OH

Overview

Carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas combine over a copper-zinc oxide-alumina catalyst to form methanol. This industrial process operates at 200-300 C and 50-100 atm. Methanol is one of the most important chemical feedstocks produced globally.

Participants

Role	Substance	Coefficient	State
Reactant	Carbon Monoxide CO	1	(g)
Reactant	Hydrogen H	2	(g)
Product	Methanol CH₃OH	1	(l)

Everyday Example

Methanol is found in windshield washer fluid and some camping stoves use it as fuel.

Industrial Importance

Over 110 million tonnes of methanol are produced annually using this process. Methanol is a key feedstock for formaldehyde, acetic acid, MTBE, and various plastics and polymers.

Properties

Type: Synthesis
Reversible: Yes
Energy: Exothermic
ΔH: -90.5 kJ/mol
Catalyst: Cu/ZnO/Al₂O₃

Related Reactions

Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (General) Formation of Aluminum Oxide Formation of Ammonia (Haber Process) Formation of Barium Oxide Formation of Barium Sulfate Formation of Beryllium Oxide Formation of Cadmium Oxide Formation of Calcium Carbonate from Oxides Formation of Calcium Hydroxide Formation of Calcium Oxide (Quicklime)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Synthesis of Methanol (from Syngas)?

The balanced equation is: CO + 2H₂ → CH₃OH.

What type of reaction is Synthesis of Methanol (from Syngas)?

Synthesis of Methanol (from Syngas) is a synthesis reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.

Is Synthesis of Methanol (from Syngas) exothermic or endothermic?

Synthesis of Methanol (from Syngas) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -90.5 kJ/mol.

What conditions are needed for Synthesis of Methanol (from Syngas)?

This reaction requires a catalyst (Cu/ZnO/Al₂O₃).