Крахмало-йодный тест на углеводы
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Обнаружение крахмала в образцах пищи с помощью раствора йода
Цель
Использовать йодный тест для выявления крахмала в различных пищевых продуктах и понять молекулярную основу синевато-чёрного окрашивания.
Предпосылки
The starch-iodine test is one of the most visually striking qualitative tests in chemistry. Iodine (I₂) forms a deep blue-black complex with amylose, the helical component of starch. The iodine molecules slip inside the amylose helix, creating a charge-transfer complex that absorbs light strongly. This test does not work with simple sugars (glucose, sucrose) or with amylopectin alone, making it specific for amylose-containing starch.
Предупреждения по безопасности
- Iodine solution stains skin and clothing
- Do not taste any samples after adding iodine
- Handle knife carefully when cutting food samples
Требуемые СИЗ
Материалы
-
Iodine solution (Lugol's) (10 mL)I₂/KI solution
-
Starch solution (1%) (10 mL)Positive control
-
Glucose solution (1%) (10 mL)Negative control
-
Food samples (Various)Potato, bread, rice, apple, etc.
-
Distilled water (50 mL)
Оборудование
Процедура
Place small amounts of each food sample and control solutions in separate wells of the spot plate.
Add 2–3 drops of Lugol's iodine solution to the starch solution (positive control). Observe the blue-black color.
Add 2–3 drops to the glucose solution (negative control). Observe that the color remains amber/brown.
Add 2–3 drops of iodine to each food sample. Record the color change observed.
Classify each sample as starch-positive (blue-black) or starch-negative (amber/brown). Record in a data table.
Ожидаемые результаты
Potato, bread, and rice should test strongly positive (deep blue-black). Apple and pure sugar solutions should remain amber/brown. The intensity of the blue color correlates with starch content.
Уборка
Dispose of iodine-treated samples in general waste. Rinse spot plates and pipettes with water.
Детали
- Категория
- Qualitative Analysis
- Сложность
- Beginner (Middle School)
- Продолжительность
- 30 мин
- Прим. стоимость
- $5,00
- Шаги
- 5
- Материалы
- 5