53 I Iodine 126.9 u

Iodine

周期
5
族
17
区块
p-区块
相态 (STP)
Solid

Iodine is a halogen essential for thyroid function. It sublimes to form a purple vapor and is used as a disinfectant.

About Iodine

Iodine (I) is a halogen essential to human health, required by the thyroid gland to synthesize hormones that regulate metabolism. Element 53 sits in group 17 of period 5 in the p-block, with an atomic mass of 126.9, the electron configuration [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁵, and a high Pauling electronegativity of 2.66. Solid at standard conditions, it readily sublimes to a violet vapor, a behavior unusual among the elements. Iodine and its solutions are valued as antiseptics and disinfectants, and it is the heaviest of the common, stable halogens, sitting below chlorine and bromine in the group.

物理属性

原子质量 126.9 u
STP相态 Solid

电子属性

电负性 2.66

电子构型

构型 [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁵

Electron Shell Configuration

Iodine electron shell configuration I 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 18e⁻ 18e⁻ 7e⁻
Electron shell structure of Iodine — electrons per shell.
Shell Electrons
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 18
4 (N) 18
5 (O) 7

Position in Periodic Table

Iodine position in the periodic table I

区块与周期

区块

s p d f

周期

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

元素周期表

镧系元素 锕系元素

含I的反应

Chlorine Displacing Iodine from Potassium Iodide

Cl₂ + 2KI → 2KCl + I₂

Single Replacement

Iodine and Sodium Thiosulfate Titration

I₂ + 2Na₂S₂O₃ → Na₂S₄O₆ + 2NaI

Redox

Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidizing Agent (Acidic)

H₂O₂ + 2H⁺ + 2I⁻ → I₂ + 2H₂O

Redox

Vitamin C as Reducing Agent

C₆H₈O₆ + I₂ → C₆H₆O₆ + 2HI

Redox

Beta Decay of Iodine-131

¹³¹I → ¹³¹Xe + e⁻ + ν̄ₑ + γ

Nuclear

Compounds Containing Iodine

Potassium Iodide

KI

Periodic Acid

HIO₄

Sodium Periodate

NaIO₄

Potassium Iodate

KIO₃

更多卤素

9 F Fluorine 17 Cl Chlorine 35 Br Bromine 85 At Astatine

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Iodine?
Iodine (I) is a chemical element with atomic number 53. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a 卤素.
What are the key properties of Iodine?
Iodine has an atomic mass of 126.9 u.
What is the electron configuration of Iodine?
The electron configuration of Iodine is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5. It is in the p-block of the periodic table.
What is the electronegativity of Iodine?
Iodine has an electronegativity of 2.66 on the Pauling scale.