قانون شارل مع بالون
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قياس تغيرات حجم الغاز مع درجة الحرارة
الهدف
إظهار قانون شارل بقياس محيط بالون مملوء بالهواء عند درجات حرارة مختلفة.
الخلفية
Charles's law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (Kelvin). By heating and cooling a balloon and measuring its size, the linear relationship between V and T can be confirmed.
تحذيرات السلامة
- Handle hot water carefully
- Do not use boiling water directly on the balloon
معدات الوقاية الشخصية المطلوبة
المواد
-
Latex balloons (3)Same size
-
String (1 m)For measuring circumference
-
Ice (1 kg)
-
Hot water (2 L)Various temperatures
المعدات
الإجراء
Inflate a balloon to a moderate size and tie it off. Measure its circumference at room temperature with string.
Prepare three water baths: ice water (~5°C), room temperature (~22°C), and hot water (~60°C).
Submerge the balloon in ice water for 5 minutes. Remove and quickly measure circumference. Record temperature.
Return the balloon to room temperature water for 5 minutes. Measure circumference.
Submerge in hot water for 5 minutes. Measure circumference. Record temperature.
Convert temperatures to Kelvin. Plot V (proportional to circumference³) vs T(K). Extrapolate to find absolute zero.
النتائج المتوقعة
The balloon should be visibly smaller in ice water and larger in hot water. Plotting estimated volume vs absolute temperature should give a straight line. Extrapolating to zero volume should approximate -273°C (absolute zero).
التنظيف
Drain water baths. Pop and dispose of balloons. Clean up any spills.
التفاصيل
- الفئة
- Gas Laws
- الصعوبة
- Beginner (Middle School)
- المدة
- 30 دقيقة
- التكلفة التقديرية
- $5,00
- الخطوات
- 6
- المواد
- 4