المعايرة القياسية للتوصيلية

تتبع معايرة باستخدام التوصيلية الكهربائية

Titrations Advanced (University) 50 دقيقة ~$20,00

الهدف

إجراء معايرة حمض-قاعدة باستخدام قياسات التوصيلية بدلاً من الدليل، وتحديد نقطة النهاية من رسم بياني للتوصيلية مقابل الحجم.

الخلفية

In a conductometric titration, electrical conductivity of the solution is measured as the titrant is added. Since different ions have different molar conductivities (H+ and OH- are exceptionally mobile), the conductivity changes non-linearly during titration. The endpoint is found where two straight-line segments of the conductivity curve intersect.

تحذيرات السلامة

  • HCl and NaOH are corrosive
  • Wear safety goggles and gloves
  • Keep the conductivity probe away from the magnetic stirrer bar

معدات الوقاية الشخصية المطلوبة

goggles gloves lab_coat

المواد

  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (100 mL)
    0.1M
  • Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (100 mL)
    0.1M
  • Distilled water (200 mL)

المعدات

50 mL burette Burette stand and clamp 250 mL beaker Conductivity meter with probe Magnetic stirrer 25 mL pipette Graph paper

الإجراء

1

Pipette 25.0 mL of 0.1M HCl into the beaker. Add 50 mL of distilled water to increase volume for the probe.

3 دقيقة Handle HCl carefully
2

Place the beaker on the magnetic stirrer. Insert the conductivity probe and the stir bar.

2 دقيقة
3

Record the initial conductivity reading. Fill the burette with 0.1M NaOH.

3 دقيقة
4

Add 1.0 mL of NaOH from the burette. Stir for 30 seconds, then record the conductivity and cumulative volume.

2 دقيقة
5

Repeat step 4, adding 1.0 mL increments, recording conductivity after each addition. Continue until well past the expected endpoint.

25 دقيقة
6

Plot conductivity (y-axis) versus volume of NaOH added (x-axis). Identify the two linear regions.

8 دقيقة
7

Draw best-fit lines for the two regions and find their intersection. This is the endpoint.

5 دقيقة

النتائج المتوقعة

Conductivity initially decreases as highly mobile H+ ions are replaced by less mobile Na+ ions. After the endpoint, conductivity increases as excess OH- ions accumulate. The V-shaped graph clearly shows the equivalence point.

التنظيف

Remove and rinse the conductivity probe carefully. Neutralize waste solutions before disposal. Rinse all glassware.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of المعايرة القياسية للتوصيلية?
إجراء معايرة حمض-قاعدة باستخدام قياسات التوصيلية بدلاً من الدليل، وتحديد نقطة النهاية من رسم بياني للتوصيلية مقابل الحجم.
How difficult is المعايرة القياسية للتوصيلية?
This experiment is rated as Advanced (University). It takes approximately 50 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for المعايرة القياسية للتوصيلية?
Key safety precautions include: HCl and NaOH are corrosive; Wear safety goggles and gloves; Keep the conductivity probe away from the magnetic stirrer bar.
What materials are needed for المعايرة القياسية للتوصيلية?
The main materials required are: Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), Distilled water.
What results should I expect from المعايرة القياسية للتوصيلية?
Conductivity initially decreases as highly mobile H+ ions are replaced by less mobile Na+ ions. After the endpoint, conductivity increases as excess OH- ions accumulate. The V-shaped graph clearly shows the equivalence point.