معايرة الترسيب (طريقة مور)
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تحديد تركيز الكلوريد باستخدام نترات الفضة
الهدف
تحديد تركيز أيون الكلوريد في محلول باستخدام طريقة مور، حيث نترات الفضة هي المعاير وكرومات البوتاسيوم هي الدليل.
الخلفية
In the Mohr method, silver nitrate reacts with chloride ions to form white silver chloride precipitate. When all chloride is consumed, the first excess silver reacts with the chromate indicator to form brick-red silver chromate, signaling the endpoint. This method works at near-neutral pH.
تحذيرات السلامة
- Silver nitrate stains skin and clothing permanently
- Potassium chromate is toxic and a suspected carcinogen — handle with extreme care
- Wear nitrile gloves and safety goggles
- Dispose of silver and chromate waste in designated containers
معدات الوقاية الشخصية المطلوبة
المواد
-
Sodium chloride solution (100 mL)Unknown concentration
-
Silver nitrate (AgNO₃) (100 mL)0.1M standardized
-
Potassium chromate (K₂CrO₄) (10 mL)5% indicator solution
-
Distilled water (200 mL)
المعدات
الإجراء
Pipette 25.0 mL of the chloride solution into the Erlenmeyer flask.
Add 1 mL of 5% potassium chromate indicator. The solution turns pale yellow.
Fill the burette with 0.1M AgNO₃. Record the initial volume.
Titrate while swirling vigorously. A white precipitate of AgCl forms.
Near the endpoint, the precipitate becomes more curd-like. Add AgNO₃ drop by drop until a permanent brick-red color of Ag₂CrO₄ appears.
Record the volume. Repeat for concordant results.
Calculate chloride concentration: C(Cl⁻) = C(Ag+) x V(AgNO₃) / V(sample).
النتائج المتوقعة
The endpoint is marked by the first permanent appearance of a brick-red color due to Ag₂CrO₄ formation. This color should persist for at least 30 seconds after swirling.
التنظيف
Collect all silver-containing waste in the designated heavy metal waste container. Collect chromate waste separately. Never dispose down the drain. Wash hands thoroughly.
التفاصيل
- الفئة
- Titrations
- الصعوبة
- Advanced (University)
- المدة
- 45 دقيقة
- التكلفة التقديرية
- $20,00
- الخطوات
- 7
- المواد
- 4