منحنى معايرة الرقم الهيدروجيني
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رسم منحنى معايرة حمض-قاعدة كامل بجهاز قياس الرقم الهيدروجيني
الهدف
تسجيل قياسات الرقم الهيدروجيني أثناء معايرة حمض-قاعدة ورسم منحنى معايرة S الكامل يوضح نقطة التكافؤ ومناطق العوامل المؤقتة.
الخلفية
A pH titration curve provides far more information than an indicator-based titration. The S-shaped curve reveals the buffer region, half-equivalence point (where pH equals pKa for weak acids), and the sharpness of the equivalence point. This experiment compares the curves of strong and weak acids.
تحذيرات السلامة
- HCl and NaOH are corrosive
- Wear safety goggles and gloves
- Handle the pH electrode carefully — it is fragile
معدات الوقاية الشخصية المطلوبة
المواد
-
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (50 mL)0.1M
-
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (100 mL)0.1M
-
pH buffer solutions (3 bottles)pH 4, 7, 10 for calibration
-
Distilled water (200 mL)
المعدات
الإجراء
Calibrate the pH meter using the three buffer solutions (pH 4, 7, 10).
Pipette 25.0 mL of 0.1M HCl into the beaker. Record the initial pH.
Fill the burette with 0.1M NaOH. Record the initial volume.
Add NaOH in 1.0 mL increments, recording the pH after each addition. When pH changes rapidly, switch to 0.2 mL increments.
Continue adding NaOH until the pH is above 12. Add a few more points past the equivalence point.
Plot pH (y-axis) versus volume of NaOH (x-axis) to construct the titration curve.
النتائج المتوقعة
The curve should show a characteristic S-shape: slowly rising pH initially, a steep jump around the equivalence point (pH 7 for strong acid-strong base), then leveling off at high pH. The equivalence point volume should be approximately 25 mL.
التنظيف
Rinse the pH electrode and store in storage solution. Neutralize waste before disposal. Rinse all glassware.
التفاصيل
- الفئة
- Titrations
- الصعوبة
- Intermediate (High School)
- المدة
- 50 دقيقة
- التكلفة التقديرية
- $15,00
- الخطوات
- 6
- المواد
- 4