Titrage Acide-Base avec l'Orange de Méthyle

Titrage d'une base faible avec un acide fort

Titrations Intermediate (High School) 40 min ~$12,00

Objectif

Déterminer la concentration d'une solution de carbonate de sodium en la titrant avec de l'acide chlorhydrique en utilisant l'orange de méthyle comme indicateur, adapté aux points finaux acides.

Contexte

Methyl orange changes color at pH 3.1-4.4 (red to yellow), making it suitable for titrations where the equivalence point is in the acidic range. Sodium carbonate reacts with HCl in a two-step process: first forming NaHCO₃, then NaCl + H₂O + CO₂. Methyl orange detects the second equivalence point.

Avertissements de sécurité

  • HCl is corrosive — avoid skin contact
  • Wear safety goggles throughout
  • Methyl orange is an azo dye — avoid contact with skin

EPI requis

goggles lab_coat

Matériaux

  • Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) (100 mL)
    Unknown concentration
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (100 mL)
    0.1M standardized
  • Methyl orange indicator (5 mL)
    0.1% solution
  • Distilled water (200 mL)

Équipement

50 mL burette Burette stand and clamp 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask 25 mL pipette Pipette filler White tile

Procédure

1

Rinse the burette with HCl solution, then fill it to the 0 mL mark.

3 min
2

Pipette 25.0 mL of sodium carbonate solution into the Erlenmeyer flask.

2 min
3

Add 2-3 drops of methyl orange indicator. The solution should appear yellow (alkaline).

1 min
4

Add HCl slowly while swirling. Watch for the color change from yellow through orange.

8 min
5

Near the endpoint, add drop by drop until the solution changes from yellow to a persistent orange/salmon color.

5 min
6

Record the volume of HCl used. Repeat for concordant results.

15 min
7

Calculate the concentration of Na₂CO₃ considering the 1:2 stoichiometry (Na₂CO₃ + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H₂O + CO₂).

5 min

Résultats attendus

The endpoint shows a clear transition from yellow to a persistent orange/salmon color. The volume ratio should confirm the 1:2 molar ratio of carbonate to acid.

Nettoyage

Neutralize waste solutions. Rinse all glassware with distilled water. Drain and rinse the burette.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Titrage Acide-Base avec l'Orange de Méthyle?
Déterminer la concentration d'une solution de carbonate de sodium en la titrant avec de l'acide chlorhydrique en utilisant l'orange de méthyle comme indicateur, adapté aux points finaux acides.
How difficult is Titrage Acide-Base avec l'Orange de Méthyle?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 40 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Titrage Acide-Base avec l'Orange de Méthyle?
Key safety precautions include: HCl is corrosive — avoid skin contact; Wear safety goggles throughout; Methyl orange is an azo dye — avoid contact with skin.
What materials are needed for Titrage Acide-Base avec l'Orange de Méthyle?
The main materials required are: Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Methyl orange indicator, Distilled water.
What results should I expect from Titrage Acide-Base avec l'Orange de Méthyle?
The endpoint shows a clear transition from yellow to a persistent orange/salmon color. The volume ratio should confirm the 1:2 molar ratio of carbonate to acid.