炎色反応比較実験

複数の金属をテストして炎色参照表を作成する

Flame Tests Intermediate (High School) 45 分 ~$25.00

目的

6種類の異なる金属塩で炎色反応を行い、定性分析用の特徴的な炎色参照表を作成する。

背景

This comprehensive flame test lab tests multiple metal salts side by side, building a reference chart that students can use for unknown identification. By comparing the flame colors of lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, strontium, and copper directly, students develop the observational skills needed for qualitative chemical analysis.

安全上の警告

  • Wear safety goggles at all times
  • Wear gloves when handling copper chloride
  • Handle HCl with care — avoid contact with skin
  • Keep hair tied back near open flames
  • Clean wire between each test to prevent cross-contamination

必要なPPE

goggles gloves lab_coat

材料

  • Lithium chloride (LiCl) (0.5 g)
  • Sodium chloride (NaCl) (0.5 g)
  • Potassium chloride (KCl) (0.5 g)
  • Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) (0.5 g)
  • Strontium chloride (SrCl₂) (0.5 g)
  • Copper(II) chloride (CuCl₂) (0.5 g)
    Toxic
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (50 mL)
    1M concentration
  • Cobalt blue glass (1 piece)
    For potassium identification

器具

Bunsen burner Nichrome wire loop 6 labeled watch glasses Forceps Lab notebook

手順

1

Prepare six labeled watch glasses, each containing a small amount of one metal salt.

3 分 Wear gloves for copper chloride
2

Clean the nichrome wire thoroughly by repeatedly dipping in HCl and heating until the flame shows no color.

3 分
3

Test lithium chloride first. Dip wire in HCl, then into the salt, and hold in the flame. Record the crimson-red color.

3 分
4

Clean the wire thoroughly. Test sodium chloride and record the bright yellow flame.

3 分
5

Clean the wire. Test potassium chloride. Observe with naked eye, then through cobalt blue glass. Record the lilac/violet color.

4 分
6

Clean the wire. Test calcium chloride and record the orange-red flame.

3 分
7

Clean the wire. Test strontium chloride and record the scarlet-red flame.

3 分
8

Clean the wire. Test copper(II) chloride and record the blue-green flame.

3 分
9

Create a complete reference chart organizing the metals by flame color from red through yellow to green and violet.

5 分

予想される結果

A complete flame color reference chart: Li (crimson-red), Sr (scarlet-red), Ca (orange-red), Na (yellow), Ba (yellow-green if tested), Cu (blue-green), K (lilac/violet through cobalt glass). Each color should be distinguishable from the others.

後片付け

Clean the wire with HCl. Dispose of copper waste in the heavy metal waste container. Dispose of remaining salts per lab protocol. Clean and dry all watch glasses.

詳細

カテゴリ
Flame Tests
難易度
Intermediate (High School)
所要時間
45 分
推定費用
$25.00
ステップ数
9
材料
8

その他の実験

カリウム炎色反応 20 min カルシウム炎色反応 15 min ストロンチウム炎色反応 15 min ナトリウム炎色反応 15 min バリウム炎色反応 20 min リチウム炎色反応 15 min 銅炎色反応 15 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of 炎色反応比較実験?
6種類の異なる金属塩で炎色反応を行い、定性分析用の特徴的な炎色参照表を作成する。
How difficult is 炎色反応比較実験?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 45 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for 炎色反応比較実験?
Key safety precautions include: Wear safety goggles at all times; Wear gloves when handling copper chloride; Handle HCl with care — avoid contact with skin.
What materials are needed for 炎色反応比較実験?
The main materials required are: Lithium chloride (LiCl), Sodium chloride (NaCl), Potassium chloride (KCl), Calcium chloride (CaCl₂), Strontium chloride (SrCl₂).
What results should I expect from 炎色反応比較実験?
A complete flame color reference chart: Li (crimson-red), Sr (scarlet-red), Ca (orange-red), Na (yellow), Ba (yellow-green if tested), Cu (blue-green), K (lilac/violet through cobalt glass). Each color should be distinguishable from the others.