Methane Partial Oxidation (Steam Reforming)

CH4 + H2O → CO + 3H2

概要

Methane reacts with steam over a nickel catalyst to produce synthesis gas (syngas), a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Carbon is oxidized from -4 to +2 while hydrogen in water is reduced from +1 to 0. This highly endothermic reaction is performed at 700-1100 C and 15-30 atm.

参加者

役割 物質 係数 状態
反応物 Methane CH₄ 1 (g)
反応物 Water H₂O 1 (g)
生成物 Carbon Monoxide CO 1 (g)
生成物 Hydrogen H 3 (g)

日常の例

Over 95% of the world's hydrogen is produced by this reaction, supplying hydrogen for ammonia production that feeds half the world's population.

産業上の重要性

スチームメタンリフォーミングは年間5,000万トン以上の水素を製造し、主にアンモニア合成と石油精製に利用される。グリーン水素電解法との競争が激しくなる中、コスト削減とCO₂回収が研究課題。

特性

タイプ
Redox
可逆的
はい
エネルギー
吸熱性
ΔH
206.0 kJ/mol
触媒
Nickel on alumina

関連する反応

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Methane Partial Oxidation (Steam Reforming)?
The balanced equation is: CH₄ + H₂O → CO + 3H₂.
What type of reaction is Methane Partial Oxidation (Steam Reforming)?
Methane Partial Oxidation (Steam Reforming) is a redox reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Methane Partial Oxidation (Steam Reforming) exothermic or endothermic?
Methane Partial Oxidation (Steam Reforming) is endothermic (absorbs energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is 206.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Methane Partial Oxidation (Steam Reforming)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Nickel on alumina).