Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold
Au + 3HCl + HNO3 → HAuCl4 + NO + 2H2O
概要
Aqua regia (3:1 mixture of HCl and HNO₃) dissolves gold, which is inert to either acid alone. Nitric acid oxidizes gold to Au³⁺ while hydrochloric acid provides chloride ions that stabilize the gold as [AuCl₄]⁻ complex. The synergy between the two acids makes aqua regia effective against noble metals.
参加者
| 役割 | 物質 | 係数 | 状態 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 反応物 | Gold Au | 1 | (s) |
| 反応物 | Nitric Acid HNO₃ | 1 | (aq) |
| 反応物 | Hydrochloric Acid HCl | 3 | (aq) |
| 生成物 | Water H₂O | 2 | (l) |
日常の例
During WWII, George de Hevesy dissolved the Nobel Prize gold medals of Max von Laue and James Franck in aqua regia to hide them from the Nazis.
産業上の重要性
王水は金の精錬、貴金属を溶解する分析化学、そして電子廃棄物からの貴金属回収に使用されています。
特性
- タイプ
- Redox
- 可逆的
- いいえ
- エネルギー
- 発熱性
- ΔH
- -150.0 kJ/mol
関連する反応
Iron(II) to Iron(III) Oxidation by Oxygen
Bleaching with Sodium Hypochlorite
Copper Reduction of Silver Ion
Cerium(IV) Reduction by Iron(II)
Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid
Hypochlorite Oxidation of Hydrogen Peroxide
Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidizing Agent (Acidic)
Hydrogen Peroxide Disproportionation
Iodine and Sodium Thiosulfate Titration
Displacement of Hydrogen from Acid by Magnesium
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the equation for Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold?
The balanced equation is: Au + 3HCl + HNO₃ → HAuCl₄ + NO + 2H₂O.
What type of reaction is Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold?
Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold is a redox reaction.
Is Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold exothermic or endothermic?
Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -150.0 kJ/mol.