Cristalização Exotérmica de Acetato de Sódio

Medição do calor liberado durante a cristalização instantânea

Thermochemistry Intermediate (High School) 30 min ~$8,00

Objetivo

Quantificar o calor liberado durante a cristalização de acetato de sódio supersaturado usando calorimetria.

Contexto

When supersaturated sodium acetate crystallizes, it releases stored energy as heat. By triggering crystallization inside a calorimeter and measuring the temperature rise, the enthalpy of crystallization can be determined. This is the same principle used in reusable hand warmers.

Avisos de segurança

  • Hot solution during preparation
  • Crystallization releases heat — container gets warm

EPI necessário

goggles

Materiais

  • Sodium acetate trihydrate (80 g)
  • Distilled water (150 mL)

Equipamentos

Polystyrene cup calorimeter Hot plate Thermometer Beaker (250 mL) Stirring rod

Procedimento

1

Dissolve 80 g sodium acetate trihydrate in 20 mL water by heating to about 70°C. Stir until clear.

8 min Handle hot solution carefully
2

Pour the solution into the polystyrene cup calorimeter. Allow to cool undisturbed to room temperature.

15 min
3

Record the temperature of the supersaturated solution.

1 min
4

Add a single small crystal of sodium acetate to trigger crystallization. Immediately stir gently and record temperature every 15 seconds.

3 min
5

Record the maximum temperature reached.

1 min
6

Calculate the heat released: q = mcΔT. Determine ΔH of crystallization per mole.

5 min

Resultados esperados

Temperature should rise 15-25°C above room temperature. The enthalpy of crystallization is approximately -19.7 kJ/mol for sodium acetate trihydrate. Measured values should be within 20% of this.

Limpeza

The sodium acetate can be remelted and reused. Rinse the calorimeter. Non-toxic — can go down the drain.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Cristalização Exotérmica de Acetato de Sódio?
Quantificar o calor liberado durante a cristalização de acetato de sódio supersaturado usando calorimetria.
How difficult is Cristalização Exotérmica de Acetato de Sódio?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 30 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Cristalização Exotérmica de Acetato de Sódio?
Key safety precautions include: Hot solution during preparation; Crystallization releases heat — container gets warm.
What materials are needed for Cristalização Exotérmica de Acetato de Sódio?
The main materials required are: Sodium acetate trihydrate, Distilled water.
What results should I expect from Cristalização Exotérmica de Acetato de Sódio?
Temperature should rise 15-25°C above room temperature. The enthalpy of crystallization is approximately -19.7 kJ/mol for sodium acetate trihydrate. Measured values should be within 20% of this.