Capacidade Calorífica Específica de Metais

Comparação de capacidades caloríficas de alumínio, cobre e ferro

Thermochemistry Intermediate (High School) 40 min ~$10,00

Objetivo

Determinar a capacidade calorífica específica de vários metais usando o método de misturas e comparar com os valores aceitos.

Contexto

The specific heat capacity of a metal can be determined by heating a known mass of metal to a known temperature, then transferring it to water in a calorimeter and measuring the temperature change. Energy conservation (q_metal = -q_water) allows calculation of the metal's specific heat.

Avisos de segurança

  • Hot metals and boiling water — burn risk
  • Use tongs to transfer hot metals
  • Do not touch hot metals with bare hands

EPI necessário

goggles lab_coat

Materiais

  • Metal samples (Al, Cu, Fe) (50 g each)
    Cylindrical pieces work best
  • Distilled water (300 mL)
  • Boiling water (500 mL)
    For heating metals

Equipamentos

Polystyrene cup calorimeter Beaker (600 mL) Hot plate Thermometer (2) Analytical balance Tongs String

Procedimento

1

Weigh each metal sample accurately. Record masses.

3 min
2

Place all metals in boiling water for 10 minutes to reach 100°C.

12 min Handle hot water carefully
3

Add 100 mL room-temperature water to the calorimeter. Record initial temperature.

2 min
4

Using tongs, quickly transfer the aluminum sample to the calorimeter. Stir and record max temperature.

5 min Hot metal — use tongs
5

Calculate c(Al) = m(water)×c(water)×ΔT(water) / [m(Al)×ΔT(Al)].

5 min
6

Repeat steps 3-5 for copper and iron.

15 min
7

Compare measured values with accepted: Al=0.897, Cu=0.385, Fe=0.449 J/g°C.

5 min

Resultados esperados

Aluminum should give the largest temperature rise in the water (highest specific heat), followed by iron, then copper. Measured values should be within 10-20% of accepted values.

Limpeza

Allow metals to cool completely. Dry and store. Pour water down the drain. Clean calorimeter.

Detalhes

Categoria
Thermochemistry
Dificuldade
Intermediate (High School)
Duração
40 min
Custo estimado
$10,00
Passos
7
Materiais
3

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Capacidade Calorífica Específica de Metais?
Determinar a capacidade calorífica específica de vários metais usando o método de misturas e comparar com os valores aceitos.
How difficult is Capacidade Calorífica Específica de Metais?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 40 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Capacidade Calorífica Específica de Metais?
Key safety precautions include: Hot metals and boiling water — burn risk; Use tongs to transfer hot metals; Do not touch hot metals with bare hands.
What materials are needed for Capacidade Calorífica Específica de Metais?
The main materials required are: Metal samples (Al, Cu, Fe), Distilled water, Boiling water.
What results should I expect from Capacidade Calorífica Específica de Metais?
Aluminum should give the largest temperature rise in the water (highest specific heat), followed by iron, then copper. Measured values should be within 10-20% of accepted values.