Сравнительная лаборатория пламенных тестов

Тестирование нескольких металлов для составления справочной таблицы цветов пламени

Flame Tests Intermediate (High School) 45 мин ~$25,00

Цель

Провести пламенные тесты шести различных металлических солей и составить справочную таблицу характерных цветов пламени для качественного анализа.

Предпосылки

This comprehensive flame test lab tests multiple metal salts side by side, building a reference chart that students can use for unknown identification. By comparing the flame colors of lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, strontium, and copper directly, students develop the observational skills needed for qualitative chemical analysis.

Предупреждения по безопасности

  • Wear safety goggles at all times
  • Wear gloves when handling copper chloride
  • Handle HCl with care — avoid contact with skin
  • Keep hair tied back near open flames
  • Clean wire between each test to prevent cross-contamination

Требуемые СИЗ

goggles gloves lab_coat

Материалы

  • Lithium chloride (LiCl) (0.5 g)
  • Sodium chloride (NaCl) (0.5 g)
  • Potassium chloride (KCl) (0.5 g)
  • Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) (0.5 g)
  • Strontium chloride (SrCl₂) (0.5 g)
  • Copper(II) chloride (CuCl₂) (0.5 g)
    Toxic
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (50 mL)
    1M concentration
  • Cobalt blue glass (1 piece)
    For potassium identification

Оборудование

Bunsen burner Nichrome wire loop 6 labeled watch glasses Forceps Lab notebook

Процедура

1

Prepare six labeled watch glasses, each containing a small amount of one metal salt.

3 мин Wear gloves for copper chloride
2

Clean the nichrome wire thoroughly by repeatedly dipping in HCl and heating until the flame shows no color.

3 мин
3

Test lithium chloride first. Dip wire in HCl, then into the salt, and hold in the flame. Record the crimson-red color.

3 мин
4

Clean the wire thoroughly. Test sodium chloride and record the bright yellow flame.

3 мин
5

Clean the wire. Test potassium chloride. Observe with naked eye, then through cobalt blue glass. Record the lilac/violet color.

4 мин
6

Clean the wire. Test calcium chloride and record the orange-red flame.

3 мин
7

Clean the wire. Test strontium chloride and record the scarlet-red flame.

3 мин
8

Clean the wire. Test copper(II) chloride and record the blue-green flame.

3 мин
9

Create a complete reference chart organizing the metals by flame color from red through yellow to green and violet.

5 мин

Ожидаемые результаты

A complete flame color reference chart: Li (crimson-red), Sr (scarlet-red), Ca (orange-red), Na (yellow), Ba (yellow-green if tested), Cu (blue-green), K (lilac/violet through cobalt glass). Each color should be distinguishable from the others.

Уборка

Clean the wire with HCl. Dispose of copper waste in the heavy metal waste container. Dispose of remaining salts per lab protocol. Clean and dry all watch glasses.

Детали

Категория
Flame Tests
Сложность
Intermediate (High School)
Продолжительность
45 мин
Прим. стоимость
$25,00
Шаги
9
Материалы
8

Ещё эксперименты

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Сравнительная лаборатория пламенных тестов?
Провести пламенные тесты шести различных металлических солей и составить справочную таблицу характерных цветов пламени для качественного анализа.
How difficult is Сравнительная лаборатория пламенных тестов?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 45 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Сравнительная лаборатория пламенных тестов?
Key safety precautions include: Wear safety goggles at all times; Wear gloves when handling copper chloride; Handle HCl with care — avoid contact with skin.
What materials are needed for Сравнительная лаборатория пламенных тестов?
The main materials required are: Lithium chloride (LiCl), Sodium chloride (NaCl), Potassium chloride (KCl), Calcium chloride (CaCl₂), Strontium chloride (SrCl₂).
What results should I expect from Сравнительная лаборатория пламенных тестов?
A complete flame color reference chart: Li (crimson-red), Sr (scarlet-red), Ca (orange-red), Na (yellow), Ba (yellow-green if tested), Cu (blue-green), K (lilac/violet through cobalt glass). Each color should be distinguishable from the others.