密度彩虹柱

叠放不同密度的液体形成彩色柱

Classroom Demonstrations Beginner (Middle School) 30 分钟 ~$8.00

目标

在高容器中叠放不同密度的不混溶液体，演示液体密度的概念。

背景

Different liquids have different densities, and immiscible liquids will arrange themselves with the densest at the bottom and the least dense at the top. By carefully layering liquids such as honey, corn syrup, dish soap, water, vegetable oil, and rubbing alcohol, a dramatic rainbow column can be created. Small solid objects placed in the column float at the interface matching their density, further illustrating the concept.

安全警告

  • Rubbing alcohol is flammable — no open flames
  • Some liquids are sticky — clean spills immediately
  • Do not drink any of the layered liquids

所需PPE

goggles

材料

  • Honey (50 mL)
    Density ≈ 1.42 g/mL
  • Corn syrup (50 mL)
    Density ≈ 1.38 g/mL
  • Maple syrup (50 mL)
    Density ≈ 1.32 g/mL
  • Dish soap (50 mL)
    Density ≈ 1.06 g/mL
  • Water (dyed blue) (50 mL)
    Density = 1.00 g/mL
  • Vegetable oil (50 mL)
    Density ≈ 0.92 g/mL
  • Rubbing alcohol (dyed red) (50 mL)
    Density ≈ 0.79 g/mL
  • Food coloring (Various)
    To distinguish water and alcohol layers

设备

Tall clear glass or graduated cylinder (500 mL) Funnel or turkey baster Small objects: grape, cherry tomato, ping pong ball, bolt, cork

步骤

1

Start with the densest liquid: pour honey slowly into the bottom of the tall glass.

2 分钟
2

Tilt the glass slightly and pour corn syrup slowly down the side. It should form a distinct layer on top of the honey.

3 分钟
3

Continue adding layers in order of decreasing density: maple syrup, dish soap, blue-dyed water, vegetable oil, and red-dyed rubbing alcohol.

15 分钟 Pour very slowly for clean layers
4

Observe the distinct layers. Gently drop small objects (grape, bolt, cork, ping pong ball) into the column and note where they settle.

5 分钟
5

Discuss why the layers form (density differences), why some are miscible and some immiscible, and why objects float at specific levels.

5 分钟

预期结果

Seven distinct layers should be visible, creating a colorful rainbow column. A metal bolt sinks to the bottom, a grape rests on the corn syrup, a cherry tomato on the dish soap, and a ping pong ball floats on top. Cork floats on the water layer.

清理

Pour the column into a waste container (do not pour down the drain due to oil and syrup). Wash the glass with hot soapy water.

详情

类别
Classroom Demonstrations
难度
Beginner (Middle School)
时长
30 分钟
预估费用
$8.00
步骤数
5
材料
8

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of 密度彩虹柱?
在高容器中叠放不同密度的不混溶液体，演示液体密度的概念。
How difficult is 密度彩虹柱?
This experiment is rated as Beginner (Middle School). It takes approximately 30 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for 密度彩虹柱?
Key safety precautions include: Rubbing alcohol is flammable — no open flames; Some liquids are sticky — clean spills immediately; Do not drink any of the layered liquids.
What materials are needed for 密度彩虹柱?
The main materials required are: Honey, Corn syrup, Maple syrup, Dish soap, Water (dyed blue).
What results should I expect from 密度彩虹柱?
Seven distinct layers should be visible, creating a colorful rainbow column. A metal bolt sinks to the bottom, a grape rests on the corn syrup, a cherry tomato on the dish soap, and a ping pong ball floats on top. Cork floats on the water layer.