冰的熔化焓

测量融化冰所需的能量

Thermochemistry Beginner (Middle School) 25 分钟 ~$3.00

目标

将已知质量的冰加入温水中，通过测量温度变化来测定冰的熔化焓。

背景

When ice melts, it absorbs energy from its surroundings without changing temperature (latent heat). By adding ice to warm water in a calorimeter and measuring the final temperature, the enthalpy of fusion can be calculated. The accepted value is 6.01 kJ/mol (334 J/g).

安全警告

  • Handle warm water with care
  • Dry ice before weighing to avoid extra water mass

所需PPE

goggles

材料

  • Ice cubes (50 g)
    From distilled water preferred
  • Warm water (100 mL)
    About 40°C

设备

Polystyrene cup calorimeter Thermometer Analytical balance Paper towels

步骤

1

Add 100 mL of warm water (~40°C) to the calorimeter. Record exact temperature and mass.

3 分钟
2

Quickly dry ice cubes with paper towel and weigh them. Record mass.

2 分钟
3

Add the ice to the warm water. Stir gently until all ice melts.

5 分钟
4

Record the final equilibrium temperature.

2 分钟
5

Set up the equation: heat lost by warm water = heat to melt ice + heat to warm melted ice to final T.

3 分钟
6

Solve for ΔHfus. Convert to kJ/mol (multiply by 18.015 g/mol). Compare with 6.01 kJ/mol.

5 分钟

预期结果

The final temperature should be around 10-15°C. Calculated ΔHfus should be approximately 280-350 J/g (accepted: 334 J/g or 6.01 kJ/mol).

清理

Pour water down the drain. Dry the calorimeter.

详情

类别
Thermochemistry
难度
Beginner (Middle School)
时长
25 分钟
预估费用
$3.00
步骤数
6
材料
2

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of 冰的熔化焓?
将已知质量的冰加入温水中，通过测量温度变化来测定冰的熔化焓。
How difficult is 冰的熔化焓?
This experiment is rated as Beginner (Middle School). It takes approximately 25 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for 冰的熔化焓?
Key safety precautions include: Handle warm water with care; Dry ice before weighing to avoid extra water mass.
What materials are needed for 冰的熔化焓?
The main materials required are: Ice cubes, Warm water.
What results should I expect from 冰的熔化焓?
The final temperature should be around 10-15°C. Calculated ΔHfus should be approximately 280-350 J/g (accepted: 334 J/g or 6.01 kJ/mol).