Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal

11-cis-Retinal → all-trans-Retinal

概述

When a photon strikes rhodopsin in rod cells of the retina, it causes the 11-cis-retinal chromophore to isomerize to the all-trans configuration in about 200 femtoseconds. This is one of the fastest known chemical reactions and the fundamental first step in vision. The conformational change triggers a G-protein signaling cascade.

日常示例

Every time you see anything, this photochemical reaction is occurring millions of times per second in the rod and cone cells of your eyes.

工业重要性

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属性

类型
Photochemical
可逆
否
能量
吸热
催化剂
Rhodopsin protein

相关反应

Silver Chloride Photodecomposition Luminol Chemiluminescence Firefly Bioluminescence (Luciferin Oxidation) Photolysis of Water (Vacuum UV) Photochemical Smog Formation (NO₂ Photolysis) Photodegradation of Methylene Blue by TiO₂ Photodissociation of Chlorine Gas Silver Bromide Photodecomposition Photosynthesis Chlorophyll Fluorescence

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal?
The balanced equation is: 11-cis-Retinal → all-trans-Retinal.
What type of reaction is Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal?
Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal is a photochemical reaction.
Is Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal exothermic or endothermic?
Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal is endothermic (absorbs energy).
What conditions are needed for Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Rhodopsin protein).