Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)

C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH

概述

Ethylene reacts with steam over a phosphoric acid catalyst at 300 C and 60-70 atm to produce ethanol. This is the primary industrial method for synthetic ethanol production. The reaction follows Markovnikov's rule.

参与者

角色 物质 系数 状态
反应物 Ethylene C₂H₄ 1 (g)
反应物 Water H₂O 1 (g)
产物 Ethanol C₂H₅OH 1 (l)

日常示例

Industrial ethanol used in hand sanitizers, solvents, and chemical manufacturing is often produced by this process.

工业重要性

这是产量最大的工业有机合成反应之一，工业乙醇广泛用于溶剂、消毒剂、化妆品和化工原料生产。

属性

类型
Synthesis
可逆
是
能量
放热
ΔH
-44.2 kJ/mol
催化剂
Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) on silica

相关反应

Formation of Calcium Hydroxide Formation of Carbon Monoxide Formation of Nitrogen Dioxide Formation of Potassium Chloride Formation of Sodium Bicarbonate Formation of Sodium Peroxide Formation of Silicon Dioxide Formation of Tungsten Carbide Formation of Copper(II) Sulfide Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (General)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
The balanced equation is: C₂H₄ + H₂O → C₂H₅OH.
What type of reaction is Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) is a synthesis reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) exothermic or endothermic?
Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -44.2 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) on silica).