Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)

LiFePO4 ⇌ FePO4 + Li+ + e−

概要

LFP batteries use lithium iron phosphate cathode and graphite anode with a cell voltage of 3.2–3.3 V and energy density of 90–160 Wh/kg. The olivine crystal structure of LiFePO₄ provides exceptional thermal stability and safety — the Fe–O bond is much stronger than the Co–O bond in NMC/NCA, preventing oxygen release during thermal runaway.

参加者

役割 物質 係数 状態
反応物 Lithium Li 1 (s)
反応物 Iron Fe 1 (s)

日常の例

Tesla's Standard Range vehicles and many Chinese EVs use LFP batteries for their superior safety and longer cycle life (3,000+ cycles).

産業上の重要性

LFP電池は中国のEVで主流であり世界的にも普及している。BYDのブレードバッテリーとCATLのCELL-TO-PACKはLFP設計の革新例であり、エネルギー密度と安全性の向上を実現している。

特性

タイプ
Electrochemical
可逆的
はい
エネルギー
発熱性
ΔH
-180.0 kJ/mol

関連する反応

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)?
The balanced equation is: LiFePO₄ ⇌ FePO₄ + Li⁺ + e⁻.
What type of reaction is Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)?
Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) is a electrochemical reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) exothermic or endothermic?
Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -180.0 kJ/mol.