Альдольная конденсация (дибензалацетон)

Синтез УФ-поглощающего соединения, применяемого в солнцезащитных кремах

Organic Synthesis Advanced (University) 75 мин ~$18,00

Цель

Синтезировать дибензалацетон перекрёстной альдольной конденсацией бензальдегида и ацетона, демонстрируя образование связей углерод–углерод.

Предпосылки

The aldol condensation is one of the most important carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions in organic chemistry. Dibenzalacetone is formed by the double aldol condensation of benzaldehyde with acetone under basic conditions. The bright yellow product absorbs UV light and was once used in sunscreen formulations.

Предупреждения по безопасности

  • NaOH is corrosive
  • Benzaldehyde is an irritant with a strong almond odor
  • Acetone is flammable
  • Work in a fume hood

Требуемые СИЗ

goggles gloves lab_coat

Материалы

  • Benzaldehyde (5 mL)
    Fresh, not oxidized
  • Acetone (1.5 mL)
  • Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (25 mL)
    10% solution
  • Ethanol (20 mL)
    95%
  • Distilled water (100 mL)
    Ice-cold

Оборудование

250 mL Erlenmeyer flask Buchner funnel Filter flask Vacuum pump Melting point apparatus Ice bath Magnetic stirrer

Процедура

1

Dissolve 5 mL benzaldehyde in 20 mL ethanol in the Erlenmeyer flask.

3 мин Fume hood — benzaldehyde is an irritant
2

Add 1.5 mL acetone to the flask and stir.

2 мин
3

Slowly add 25 mL of 10% NaOH while stirring. A yellow precipitate should begin forming.

5 мин NaOH is corrosive
4

Stir the mixture at room temperature for 30 minutes.

30 мин
5

Cool the flask in an ice bath for 10 minutes to maximize crystallization.

10 мин
6

Collect the yellow crystals by vacuum filtration. Wash with cold water.

10 мин
7

Dry the product and determine the melting point (pure dibenzalacetone: 110-112°C).

10 мин
8

Calculate the percent yield.

5 мин

Ожидаемые результаты

Bright yellow crystals with a melting point of 109-112°C. Typical yield is 60-80%. The product absorbs UV light strongly, which can be confirmed if a UV lamp is available.

Уборка

Dispose of organic waste in designated containers. Neutralize NaOH waste. Rinse all glassware.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Альдольная конденсация (дибензалацетон)?
Синтезировать дибензалацетон перекрёстной альдольной конденсацией бензальдегида и ацетона, демонстрируя образование связей углерод–углерод.
How difficult is Альдольная конденсация (дибензалацетон)?
This experiment is rated as Advanced (University). It takes approximately 75 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Альдольная конденсация (дибензалацетон)?
Key safety precautions include: NaOH is corrosive; Benzaldehyde is an irritant with a strong almond odor; Acetone is flammable.
What materials are needed for Альдольная конденсация (дибензалацетон)?
The main materials required are: Benzaldehyde, Acetone, Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), Ethanol, Distilled water.
What results should I expect from Альдольная конденсация (дибензалацетон)?
Bright yellow crystals with a melting point of 109-112°C. Typical yield is 60-80%. The product absorbs UV light strongly, which can be confirmed if a UV lamp is available.